I. Regarding general ideas
一、关于总体思路
1. In building the basic systems for data, it is recommended that the fundamental goals be to fully realize the value of data elements, promote the development of the digital economy, and facilitate sharing by all the people in the dividends of data development, and that the main lines be to optimize the layout structure of data elements, guarantee the equal use of data by various social entities, and promote the compliant and efficient circulation and use of data.
（一）建议以充分实现数据要素价值、推动数字经济发展、促进全体人民共享数据发展红利为根本目的，以优化数据要素布局结构、保障各社会主体平等使用数据、促进数据合规高效流通使用为主线构建数据基础制度。
2. It is recommended that the focus be on empowering the real economy, supported by improving the development environment for data element markets, and enhancing security assurance ability, that the institutional barriers that hinder the supply, circulation, and use of data elements be removed, and that we link-up with and lead international high-standard digital rules.
（二）建议以赋能实体经济为重点，以改善数据要素市场发展环境、提升安全保障能力为支撑，破除阻碍数据要素供给、流通、使用的体制机制障碍，对接和引领国际高标准数字规则。
II. Regarding the data property rights system
二、关于数据产权制度
3. It is recommended that we explore the establishment of a modern data property rights system, and promote the orderly separation and circulation of related rights such as data holding rights and use rights, so as to meet demands for data circulation and use.
（三）建议探索建立现代数据产权制度，推动数据持有权、使用权等相关权利有序分离与流通，满足数据流通使用需求。
4. It is recommended that we should recognize and protect the legitimate rights and interests of all data element participants, and rationally define the rights and obligations of all data element market participants
（四）建议承认和保护数据要素各参与方的合法权益，合理界定数据要素市场各参与方的权利和义务。
5. It is recommended that we fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of data sources, and require that the consent of data sources should be obtaining, or legal reasons should exist, for data processors to hold, use, or license others to use data, so as to ensure that data sources enjoy the right to access or transfer the data they generate.
（五）建议充分保护数据来源者合法权益，数据处理者持有、使用、许可他人使用数据，需获得数据来源者同意或存在法定事由，确保数据来源者享有获取或转移由其促成所产生数据的权利。
6. It is recommended that data processors be allowed to manage their lawfully held data independently, so as to prevent acts that interfere with or violate the legal rights of data processors.
（六）建议数据处理者依法持有的数据可进行自主管理，防止干扰或侵犯数据处理者合法权利的行为。
7. It is recommended that we respect the labor expenditures of data processors, such as for data collection and processing, and recognize and protect their rights with respect to data acquired in accordance with legal provisions or contractual agreements, fully assuring the rights of data processors to use data and obtain benefits therefrom.
（七）建议尊重数据采集、加工等数据处理者劳动付出，承认和保护依照法律规定或合同约定获取的数据相关权利，充分保障数据处理者使用数据和获得收益的权利
8. It is recommended that the differentiated, graded, and authorized use of public data, personal data, and enterprise data be promoted, so as to strengthen the supply of high-quality data elements.
（八）建议推进公共数据、个人数据、企业数据分类分级授权使用，强化高质量数据要素供给。
9. For public data generated by government departments and institutions at all levels in their performance of administrative duties and business operations, it is recommended that all localities and departments be encouraged to clarify management departments, and exercise their duties of opening public data and authorizing usage on behalf of their respective regions and industries in a unified fashion.
（九）建议对于各级政府部门、事业单位行政履职和企业经营中产生的公共数据，推动各地区、各部门明确管理部门，代表本地区、本行业统一行使公共数据开放和授权使用职责。
10. For enterprise data that is collected and processed by various market entities in production and business activities and does not involve personal information or the public interest, it is recommended that the right of market entities to hold, control, and benefit from the data be promoted, so as to ensure that the invested labor and other factor resources receive reasonable returns.
（十）建议对于各类市场主体在生产经营活动中采集加工的不涉及个人信息和公共利益的企业数据，推动由市场主体享有数据持有、支配和收益的权利，确保投入的劳动等要素资源获得合理回报。
11. For data that contains personal information, it is recommended that data processors should be encouraged to collect, hold, and use the data according to the scope authorized by individuals.
（十一）建议对于承载个人信息的数据，鼓励数据处理者按个人授权范围采集、持有和使用数据。
III. Regarding systems for the circulation and trading of data elements
三、关于数据要素流通交易制度
12. It is recommended that the rules for data circulation be further refined and standardized, and that a trading system be built that combines circulation in use with exchange-based and over-the-counter trading.
（十二）建议进一步完善和规范数据流通规则，构建在使用中流通、场内场外相结合的交易制度体系。
13. It is recommended that we standardize and guide over-the-counter transactions, cultivate and grow exchange-based transactions, and develop cross-border transactions in an orderly manner, thereby establishing a trustworthy data circulation system in which the sources of data can be confirmed, the scope of use can be defined, the circulation process can be traced, and security risks can be prevented.
（十三）建议规范引导场外交易，培育壮大场内交易，有序发展跨境交易，建立数据来源可确认、使用范围可界定、流通过程可追溯、安全风险可防范的数据可信流通体系。
14. It is recommended that data circulation access principles be established, and that enterprises should have a strict whole-process data compliance system, so as to ensure that the sources of circulating data are legal, privacy protections are in place, and circulation and transactions are regulated.
（十四）建议建立数据流通准入原则，企业要具有严格的数据全流程合规体系，确保流通数据来源合法、隐私保护到位、流通和交易规范。
15. It is recommended that data processors be supported in adopting over-the-counter and exchange-based data circulation methods such as opening, sharing, exchanging, and trading of data, in accordance with laws and regulations, and that large central state-owned enterprises and large internet enterprises be guided in opening data elements with public attributes to the data trading market.
（十五）建议支持数据处理者依法依规采取开放、共享、交换、交易等场外和场内方式流通数据，引导大型央企国企、大型互联网企业将具有公共属性的数据要素开放至数据交易市场。
16. It is recommended that the top-level design of the data trading market system be strengthened, and the qualification and approval institutions of data exchanges be clarified, strengthening their public attributes and public welfare positioning.
（十六）建议强化数据交易市场体系顶层设计，明确数据交易所资质审批机构，强化其公共属性和公益定位。
17. It is recommended that we should guide the common development of various types of data exchanges, promote the separation of functions between exchanges and data service providers, highlight the compliance supervision and basic service functions of exchanges, encourage various types of data service providers to engage in trading on exchanges, and promote regional and industry-oriented data circulation and use.
（十七）建议引导多种类型的数据交易所共同发展，推进交易所与数据服务商功能分离，突出交易所合规监管和基础服务功能，鼓励各类数据服务商进场交易，推动区域性、行业性数据流通使用。
18. It is recommended that an intensive and efficient data circulation infrastructure be built to provide a low-cost, high-efficiency and trustworthy circulation environment for both centralized exchange-based trading and decentralized over-the-counter trading.
（十八）建议构建集约高效的数据流通基础设施，为场内集中交易和场外分散交易提供低成本、高效率、可信赖的流通环境。
19. It is recommended that we incubate a number of data service providers and third-party professional service organizations centered on the needs of data element circulation and trading, so as to grow the data industry.
（十九）建议围绕数据要素流通交易需要，培育一批数据服务商和第三方专业服务机构，壮大数据产业。
20. It is recommended that we: Carry out international exchanges and cooperation in data interaction, business interoperability, mutual recognition of regulations, and sharing of services; promote the construction of digital trade infrastructure; and actively participate in the formulation of international rules and digital technology standards in areas such as data flow, data security, digital currencies, and digital economy taxation.
（二十）建议开展数据交互、业务互通、监管互认、服务共享等方面国际交流合作，推进数字贸易基础设施建设，积极参与数据流动、数据安全、数字货币、数字经济税收等国际规则和数字技术标准制定。
IV. Regarding the data element income distributing system
四、关于数据要素收益分配制度
21. It is recommended that we: Adapt to the development trend of digitalization; make full use of the market’s decisive role in resource allocation, and make better use of government’s role; expand the scope of market-based allocation of data elements, and expand their participation in distribution channels according to value contribution; and refine mechanisms for the redistribution and adjustment of data element income, letting all people better share in the fruits of digital economy development.
（二十一）建议顺应数字化发展趋势，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，扩大数据要素市场化配置范围和按价值贡献参与分配渠道，完善数据要素收益的再分配调节机制，让全体人民更好共享数字经济发展成果。
22. It is recommended that we: Promote market-based evaluation of the contributions of data production factors and determination of remuneration according to contributions; focus on protecting the labor income of data factors in accordance with the principle of “those who invest and contribute are the ones who benefit;” promote the matching of labor contributions with labor remuneration; and strengthen the orientation towards incentives based on data value creation.
（二十二）建议推动数据生产要素由市场评价贡献、按贡献决定报酬，按照“谁投入、谁贡献、谁受益”的原则，着重保护数据要素各参与方的劳动收益，促进劳动者的贡献和劳动报酬相匹配，强化基于数据价值创造的激励导向。
23. It is recommended that we establish and improve rational mechanisms for sharing the income from opening public data resources, and promote using the income mainly for expenditures on public services.
（二十三）建议建立健全公共数据资源开放收益合理分享机制，推动收益主要用于公共服务支出。
24. It is recommended that all kinds of enterprises be allowed and encouraged to provide public welfare services based on public data development. Large data enterprises should be guided to assume social responsibility, and assurance and assistance for vulnerable groups affected by the digital economy should be strengthened.
（二十四）建议允许并鼓励各类企业依托公共数据开发提供公益服务。引导大型数据企业承担社会责任，强化对受数字经济冲击弱势群体的保障帮扶。
V. Regarding the security governance system for data elements
五、关于数据要素安全治理制度
25. It is recommended that we build a data element governance pattern that combines effective markets and competent government, and build a model of collaborative governance among government, enterprises and society.
（二十五）建议构建有效市场和有为政府相结合的数据要素治理格局，构建政府、企业、社会多方协同治理模式。
26. It is recommended that we fully exploit the government’s orderly guidance and standardized development roles, hold the bottom line on security, clarify the red line on supervision, and create a market environment for data elements that is secure and trustworthy, inclusive and innovative, fair and open.
（二十六）建议充分发挥政府有序引导和规范发展的作用，守住安全底线，明确监管红线，打造安全可信、包容创新、公平开放的数据要素市场环境。
27. It is recommended that we adhere to the principle of “lenient entry and strict control,” clarify the main responsibilities and obligations of enterprises, and firmly establish enterprises’ sense of responsibility and self-discipline.
（二十七）建议坚持“宽进严管”原则，明确企业主体责任和义务，牢固树立企业的责任意识和自律意识。
28. It is recommended that we: Encourage social organizations such as industry associations to actively participate in the construction of the data elements market; establish mechanisms for compliance notarization, security audits, algorithm review, and monitoring and early warning for the whole process of data element circulation and use; and promote the safe and trustworthy circulation of data elements under different scenarios.
（二十八）建议鼓励行业协会等社会组织积极参与数据要素市场建设，建立数据要素流通使用全过程的合规公证、安全审计、算法审查、监测预警机制，促进不同场景下数据要素安全可信流通。