The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party’s Hundred Years of Struggle (hereinafter referred to as the “Resolution”) adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (hereinafter referred to as the Resolution) guide the whole of the Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to take history as a mirror, create the future, and make concerted efforts to forge ahead. It is a Marxist programmatic document that creates new great achievements in the new era. The Resolution clearly runs through the main line of the Party’s original intention and mission, scientifically summarizes the Party’s valuable experience in insisting on self-revolution, and profoundly expounds the strategic thinking of leading the great social revolution with great self-revolution, which embodies the Chinese Communists’ understanding of the Communist Party’s governing laws and socialism in the new era. The Resolution marks a new height and new realm for understanding the laws of construction and the laws of human social development. Conscientiously studying and implementing the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, unswervingly promoting the great self-revolution of the Party, ensuring that the Party will always be a strong leadership core in the historical process of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and better leading the people is of great and far-reaching significance to realizing the historical mission of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

1. The history of the Party’s century-long struggle is the history of leading the great social revolution with the great self-revolution

The Resolution runs through a century of party history, adheres to dialectical materialism and historical materialism, and reveals the historical logic and profound truth of the Party’s courage to self-revolution and to lead the great social revolution with great self-revolution.

(1) Leading the great social revolution with the great self-revolution is an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The Resolution sums up the rich connotation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the “Ten Clarifications,” takes “leading the great social revolution with great self-revolution” as an important content, and profoundly reveals that self-revolution and social revolution go hand in hand and promote one another. The dialectical relationship of co-progress fully reflects the historical initiative of the Chinese Communists to consciously transform the subjective world while transforming the objective world, so as to better transform the objective world. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the courage to self-revolution is a distinctive symbol of our party’s difference from other political parties, and it is also the key to the Party’s longevity. Blacksmithing must be hard on its own: Adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics as our party must have the courage to carry out self-revolution. The spirit of self-revolution is a strong support for the Party’s governing ability. We must adhere to the unity of integrity and innovation, strengthen and improve ourselves with the spirit of reform and innovation, and continue to open up the future through reforming the old and making new ones. Comprehensively and strictly governing the Party is an inherent requirement of self-revolution. We must always maintain the self-awareness of facing the problem and the courage to turn inward. We must take anti-corruption as a major political task that the Party’s self-revolution must grasp for the long term. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on leading the great social revolution with great self-revolution, inheriting and developing the Marxist theory of party building, and profoundly summarizing the Party’s historical experience, especially the practical experience of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party in the new era, demonstrates the original mission, political responsibility, and historical consciousness of the Chinese Communists, and has profound ideological connotations and great value for the times.

(2) The courage to self-revolution is the distinctive character of the Chinese Communist Party. The Resolution points out: “Advanced Marxist political parties are not born but are rather tempered through continuous self-revolution.” Through a century of ups and downs, our party has always “adhered to what is good for the interests of the people and has corrected what was wrong for the interests of the people.” It has repeatedly risen up in times of crisis and has set things right after mistakes. It has become an invincible and unstoppable Marxist political party. Our party represents the fundamental interests of the vast majority of the Chinese people and has no special interests of its own. This is the source of courage and confidence in daring to achieve self-revolution. The practice of a hundred years of struggle has proved that the greatness of our party is not that it does not make mistakes but that it never shies away from treating what ails us and dares to face problems. Our party has the courage to achieve self-revolution. This is also the characteristic of our party as a Marxist party and is the secret to our vitality.

(3) Leading the great social revolution with the great self-revolution highly condenses the historical experience of the Chinese Communist Party’s century-long struggle. The 100-year journey of the Chinese Communist Party is not only a magnificent history of social revolution but also a history of self-revolution. The Resolution points out that over the past 100 years, the Party has led the people in a great struggle, making breakthroughs in progress, rising up from setbacks, and improving from retrospectives. From the August 7th Conference, the Gutian Conference to the Zunyi Conference, from the Yan’an Rectification Movement to the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, and to the new era of comprehensive and strict party governance, our party has always followed the historical trend, kept pace with the times, and forged ahead. In the struggle of life and death and arduous struggle, it has continued to grow and develop. Our party has remained united and has led the people to create the great achievements of the new democratic revolution, the great achievements of the socialist revolution and construction, the great achievements of reform and opening up and the socialist modernization drive, and the great achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. A great social revolution forges and achieves a great party; a great self-revolution guarantees and promotes a great cause. This is the valuable experience of the Party’s continuous progress from victory to victory over the past century, and it is also an important guide for the Party to grasp the laws of historical development and strive for a new journey.

(4) In the new era, insisting on leading the great social revolution with great self-revolution plays an important strategic and overall role. Since the 18th Party Congress, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has overseen the great struggle, the great project, the great cause, and the great dream and has led the great social revolution with the great self-revolution. With the courage of scraping bones to cure poison, we have resected stubborn diseases from the Party. To fight corruption with a will as strong as a rock, we have provided a strong guarantee for the overall promotion of the “Five in One” overall layout and the coordinated promotion of the “Four Comprehensive” strategic layout to promote historic achievements and historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country. The Resolution pointed out that, through resolute struggle, the role of political guidance and political guarantee of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party will be brought into full play. Our Party eliminates its own cancers through self-purification, enhances its overall image through self-improvement, cultivates creativity through self-innovation, and enhances its sense of responsibility through self-improvement. It has formed a high degree of self-revolution to lead the great social revolution and has realized the overall improvement of the Party’s overall leadership and long-term governance capabilities.

2. Deeply grasp the valuable experience of the Party’s self-revolution in the new era

The Resolution highlights the course of struggle in the new era and systematically summarizes the historic achievements and historic changes of our party in upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era from 13 aspects. The courage to pursue self-revolution and the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party are the distinctive features that run through the Party. Adhering to strict ideology, strict supervision, strict discipline, strict management of officials, strict style, and strict anti-corruption provides valuable experience for the party to continue to move forward on this new journey.

(1) Adhere to the armed forces of scientific theories and master sharp ideological weapons to transform the world. The Resolution points out that the Party’s century-long struggle demonstrates the strong vitality of Marxism. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st century Marxism and is an action guide for leading the Party’s great self-revolution and promoting the great social revolution. Since the 18th Party Congress, our party has insisted on taking the Party’s innovative theoretical armament as the foundation of its soul and has made great efforts to learn, understand, and grasp the Marxist positions, viewpoints, and methods contained therein so that scientific theories can truly be grasped and applied by the whole party. The ideological weapons of law and understanding to transform the world have been continuously transformed into a vivid practice of building a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful socialist modernized country. Adhere to ideological building of the Party and the theory to strengthen the Party so that the whole party always maintains a unified thinking, firm will, coordinated action, and strong combat effectiveness and ensures that the great social revolution led by the Party always advances in the right direction.

(2) Adhere to a clear-cut stand in politics and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Central Committee and the unity of the Party. Adhering to the Party’s leadership is the first valuable experience of the Party’s century-long struggle as summarized in the Resolution. Entering a new era, the Party has established Comrade Xi Jinping as the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the entire Party, which decisively reflects the common aspiration of the entire Party, the army, and the people of all ethnic groups in the country. Our party regards “Two Upholds” as the highest political principle, leads the new great project of Party building in the new era with the Party’s political construction, implements the Party’s leadership in all aspects of the whole process of state governance through a series of important institutional arrangements, and promotes the unity of the whole party with strict political discipline and political rules and serious political life within the Party. The Party encourages the majority of Party members and cadres to continuously enhance their political judgment, political understanding, and political execution and consciously maintains a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core in ideology, politics, and action.

(3) Persist in keeping the original mission in mind and build the foundation of faith with firm ideals and beliefs. “Since its establishment in 1921, the Chinese Communist Party has always regarded seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation as its original mission, and has always adhered to the ideal of communism and belief in socialism.” This is the opening sentence of the Resolution. The Party’s original mission carries the Party’s ideals and beliefs and is the fundamental driving force for the Communists to keep moving forward. Our party regards ideological construction as the basic construction of the Party and uses its original mission to train the whole party, adhere to the combination of centralized education and regular education, guide party members and cadres to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life, and values, and build a common ideological foundation for unity and struggle. Adhering to the original mission is the eternal task of self-revolution. The Chinese Communist Party entering the new era must keep in mind the fundamental question of what the Party is and what it must do and must insist on consolidating its roots and cultivating its roots, replenishing the strength of its spirit, and transforming the firmness of ideals and beliefs into a sense of responsibility. The Party must bring together the majestic power to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

(4) Adhere to the supremacy of the people and focus on solving outstanding problems that are strongly reflected by the masses and harm the interests of the masses. The Resolution emphasizes that people’s hearts are the greatest politics and justice is the strongest force. Self-revolution must firmly grasp the key to maintaining the flesh-and-blood ties between the party and the masses and must resolutely guard against and correct what the masses oppose and hate. In the new era, comprehensively and strictly administer the Party starting with the construction of work style, starting from the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and leading cadres, and persistently implement the spirit of the eight central regulations. Practice the requirements of the “Three Stricts and Three Realities,” resolutely rectify formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance, and refashion Party style, government style, and the social atmosphere. Bearing in mind that the country is the people and the people are the country, our Party carries forward the spirit of hammering nails and improving its work style to earnestly address the problems of the people’s hardships and worries, win the trust and support of the people with the new results of strict governance of the Party, and continuously consolidate the political foundation of the Party’s long-term governance.

(5) Work upon the knife’s edge and punish corruption with a zero-tolerance attitude. The Resolution profoundly points out that corruption is the biggest threat to the Party’s long-term rule. Resolutely punishing corruption is a clear manifestation of self-revolution. Since the 18th Party Congress, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has taken the mission of “I will have no self and will live up to the people” to uphold discipline and fight corruption. With the determination and will of a warrior who has the courage to break his own wrist, “fight tigers”, “swat flies”, and “hunt foxes.” Promptly discover and work hard to address the “Seven Misconducts” and make sure officials do not dare to, are unable to, and have no desire to commit corruption. While severely punishing and creating shock and deterrence, improve the system, strengthen the tempering of party spirit, and effectively curb the growth and spread of corruption. The anti-corruption struggle has won an overwhelming victory and has been consolidated in an all-round way, eliminating the serious hidden dangers existing in the Party, the state, and the army. Our party is incompatible with corruption. We have always maintained a high degree of vigilance, insisted on systematically addressing both the symptoms and causes, and resolutely fights against corrosive corruption to the end.

(6) Adhere to strict discipline and rules and transform iron discipline into conscious compliance by party members and cadres. Strict discipline is the Party’s glorious tradition and political advantage, and it is also an important guarantee for self-revolution. The Resolution emphasizes that political discipline and organizational discipline should be strengthened to drive all disciplines to be stricter in an all-round way. Our party adheres to taking the party constitution as the fundamental principle, incorporates discipline construction into the overall layout of party construction, insists that discipline is stricter than the law, enforces discipline and law enforcement, and deepens the use of the “Four Forms.” Our party has built a system of intra-Party laws and regulations with scientific content, rigorous procedures, complete supporting facilities, and effective operations. With perseverance and determination, all party members have increased awareness of the system, discipline, and rules and have gradually become accustomed to working and living in an environment subject to supervision and constraints. Consolidate the responsibility of managing the Party and governing the Party, strictly manage the combination of care, encouragement, and restraint, seize the “key margins,” and accurately supervise discipline enforcement and accountability. Resolutely prevent and oppose individualism, decentralism, liberalism, egoism, and good humanism and promote the creation of a good political ecosystem that is clean and upright.

(7) Persist in improving the supervision system of the Party and the state and strengthen the restriction and supervision of the exercise of power. Strengthening supervision is an important path and foundation for implementing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and realizing self-revolution. The Resolution emphasizes improving the supervision system of the Party and the state, establishing, regulating, restricting, and supervising power in accordance with discipline and law. Our party insists on strengthening the top-level design of the supervision system from an overall and strategic perspective, uses intra-party supervision to drive other supervision, improve the intra-party supervision system, and plays the role of the sword of inspection and supervision and the role of stationed supervision probes to realize full coverage of intra-party supervision. Our party insists on deepening the reform of the national supervision system to achieve full coverage of inspections of all public officials exercising public power. Our party insists on promoting the full coverage of state agency supervision, legal supervision, audit supervision, and statistical supervision to give full play to the role of mass supervision and public opinion supervision and to gradually build a set of effective power supervision systems and discipline and law enforcement systems. Adhere to the implementation of supervision throughout the management and governance of the Party, the country, and the government, form a normalized and long-term supervision synergy, and use strong supervision to promote the continuous and in-depth development of self-revolution.

The Party’s self-revolution is reflected in all aspects of the whole process of strengthening the Party’s own construction and advancing the Party’s cause. Since the 18th Party Congress, the Party Central Committee has promoted comprehensively deepening reforms, improving the national system and national governance system, and continuously unleashing development vitality. The Party has adhered to the road of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, has basically formed the overall pattern of comprehensive law-based governance, and has greatly enhanced the Party’s ability to use the rule of law to lead and govern the country. The Party has also continued to deepen the reform of the Party-building system, elevated the achievements of innovative practices in managing the Party and governing the Party under a legal system, and has promoted the organic integration of the modernization of state governance and the scientific development of Party-building. Self-revolution in the new era is closely integrated with state governance and administration, adapting to the development of productive forces and changes in situations and tasks, strengthening the concept and role of the system, making up for shortcomings, strengths, and weaknesses, and consolidating fundamentals to make all work ideas and measures more scientific, more rigorous, and more effective.

3. Leading the new great social revolution with the great self-revolution of the Party in the new era

The Resolution looks forward to the Chinese Communist Party in the new era and sends out a great call to the whole party to make unremitting efforts to achieve the second centenary goal and realize the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must fully implement the requirements of the Resolution, vigorously carry forward the spirit of the great party building, persevere in self-revolution, bravely face the “Four Tests,” resolutely overcome the “Four Dangers,” unswervingly build the Party ever stronger, and promote the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics to achieve stability and long-term development.

(1) Fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and use the Party’s innovative theory to guide new practice. The Resolution points out: “In the past 100 years, the Party has given an excellent answer to the people and history. Now, the Party unites and leads the Chinese people on a new road to achieve the second centenary goal.” To take this new road that will test us, we must be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, unremittingly strengthen theoretical arming, and strengthen sharpening, tempering, and forging. We must deeply study and comprehend the Party’s innovation theory, deeply understand the Party’s century-old historical experience of struggle, deeply understand the important requirements of taking history as a mirror and creating the future, and deepen the understanding of the great self-revolution leading the great social revolution and the great social revolution promoting the great self-revolution. We must clearly understand why we were successful in the past and be aware of how we can continue to be successful in the future, strengthen the “Four Consciousnesses,” strengthen the “Four Self-Confidences,” and achieve the “Two Upholds.” We must firmly grasp the idea of the “Great One of the Nations,” promote the whole party to base itself on the new development stage, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, promote high-quality development, and better respond to changes, grasp the overall situation, and create new patterns.

(2) Maintaining self-revolutionary willpower and strengthening the political awareness that comprehensive and strict governance of the party will always be a reality. The Resolution emphasizes that the whole party must remember that life springs from sorrow and calamity and that death comes from ease and pleasure. We must always be far-sighted and prepared for danger in times of peace. We must continue to advance the great new project of Party-building in the new era. We must adhere to the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and unswervingly promote the construction of Party style and clean government and the fight against corruption. The Party’s self-revolution will persist forever. We must keep a clear head, strengthen political determination, accurately grasp the characteristics and requirements of the new era and new stage, dare to struggle, excel in the struggle, and constantly eliminate all factors that damage the Party’s advanced nature and purity. We must rid ourselves of all viruses that erode the Party’s health and ensure that the Party does not deteriorate, go stale, or go rancid. Persist in strictness over the long term, persevere in uprightness and discipline, and fight corruption. Keep the overwhelming force against corruption always present. We must give full play to the role of political leadership and the political guarantee of the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. We must continuously improve the Party’s ability to set direction, plan the overall situation, formulate policies, and promote reform to constantly improve the ability of party members and cadres to adapt to modernization and perform their duties and responsibilities with new thoughts and new actions in the new era and along this new journey.

(3) Adhere to a people-centric approach and thoroughly rectify corruption and work style issues around the masses. The Resolution emphasizes that the whole party must always maintain the flesh-and-blood ties with the people and must constantly realize, maintain, and develop the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people. Our party established the Party for the public and governs for the people. We must ensure that power comes from the people and that the Party serves the people with the courage to pursue self-revolution. It is necessary to stand firm on the people’s stand, follow the mass line, focus on promoting the integrity of cadres and the right to use power for the people, and ensure the implementation of major policies and measures such as the Party Central Committee’s promotion of high-quality development and the promotion of common prosperity. To comply with the people’s thoughts, concerns, worries, and expectations, all issues that are strongly reflected by the masses must be taken seriously. Any behavior that harms the interests of the masses must be resolutely corrected. Strictly rectify corrupt and unhealthy practices such as the use of power for personal gain and the use of influence for personal gain and make the masses feel better, more sustainable, and more secure.

(4) Make sure officials do not dare to, are unable to, and have no desire to commit corruption and continuously achieve more institutional achievements and greater governance effects. The Resolution emphasizes that the Party insists on promoting the integration of daring not to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt and making efforts to punish and deter, restrain the system, and raise awareness. This is not only an important strategy for strictly governing the Party and fighting corruption in an all-round way but also an inherent requirement of the Party’s self-revolution under the new historical conditions. It is necessary to insist on seeking progress while maintaining stability, seeking truth from facts, and complying with regulations, disciplines, and laws, further strengthen the deterrence of not being corrupt, build a cage that is free from corrupt, enhance the consciousness of not wanting to be corrupt, and actively explore effective carriers and practical approaches to deter corruption and to play a comprehensive effect of treating both symptoms and root causes. We must incorporate the party and state supervision system into the construction of the national governance system, link upright conduct and discipline and anti-corruption with deepening reform, improving the system, and promoting governance, and blaze a trail of corruption governance with Chinese characteristics.

(5) With self-confidence and self-improvement, uphold integrity and innovation and promote the consolidation of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and the full display of its advantages. The Resolution emphasizes that if we adhere to the Chinese path and persist in pioneering and innovation, we will surely be able to create more impressive miracles in the world. Leading the great social revolution with the great self-revolution requires improving the governance system and enhancing the governance capacity with the spirit of integrity and innovation. We must strengthen self-confidence in the system, continuously uphold and improve the fundamental system, basic system, and important system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and promote the system in all aspects to become more mature and finalized so as to ensure that the Party always takes the overall situation and coordinates all parties. Disciplinary inspection and supervision organs are an important force to carry out the great self-revolution and promote the great social revolution. We must perform our duties faithfully around the overall situation of the work of the Party and the country, We must strengthen the construction of standardization, rule of law, and formalization and must promote the high-quality development of discipline inspection and supervision work in the new era. We must give full play to the role of supervising and safeguarding implementation and promoting perfect development to provide a strong guarantee for building a modern socialist country in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.