At present, the global COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading, the global economy’s recovery is fragile, the challenges of climate change are pronounced, and China’s economic and social development tasks are extremely heavy and arduous. The Party Central Committee believes that, to address these once-in-a-century changes and the epidemic of a century, and to promote stable and healthy economic and social development, we must focus on the nation’s major strategic needs, stabilize the fundamentals of agriculture, do a good job of “three rural issues”1 work, and continue to comprehensively promote rural revitalization of the countryside, so as to ensure stable agricultural production, the steady increase of farmers’ income, and rural stability and peace.
当前,全球新冠肺炎疫情仍在蔓延,世界经济复苏脆弱,气候变化挑战突出,我国经济社会发展各项任务极为繁重艰巨。党中央认为,从容应对百年变局和世纪疫情,推动经济社会平稳健康发展,必须着眼国家重大战略需要,稳住农业基本盘、做好“三农”工作,接续全面推进乡村振兴,确保农业稳产增产、农民稳步增收、农村稳定安宁。
To do a good job of “three rural issues” work in 2022, we must: Be guided by Xi Jinping’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era; fully implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress and all the plenary sessions of the 19th CCP Central Committee; deeply implement the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference; adhere to the general work keynote of seeking progress while maintaining stability; ground our efforts in the new development stage, thoroughly implementing the new development concept, creating a new development pattern, and promoting high-quality development; promote common prosperity; adhere to and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership on work relating to the “three rural issues;” firmly adhere to the two bottom lines of assuring national food security and preventing large-scale return to poverty; give prominence to annual tasks, targeted initiatives, and practical guidance; fully bring into play the leadership role of rural grassroots Party organizations; and do a solid and orderly job of the key tasks of rural development, rural construction, and rural governance, so as to promote new progress in rural revitalization and make new strides in agricultural and rural modernization.
做好2022年“三农”工作,要以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届历次全会精神,深入贯彻中央经济工作会议精神,坚持稳中求进工作总基调,立足新发展阶段、贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局、推动高质量发展,促进共同富裕,坚持和加强党对“三农”工作的全面领导,牢牢守住保障国家粮食安全和不发生规模性返贫两条底线,突出年度性任务、针对性举措、实效性导向,充分发挥农村基层党组织领导作用,扎实有序做好乡村发展、乡村建设、乡村治理重点工作,推动乡村振兴取得新进展、农业农村现代化迈出新步伐。
I. Make every effort to ensure food production and supply of important agricultural products
一、全力抓好粮食生产和重要农产品供给
1. Stabilize annual grain planting area and production. Insist on the Chinese rice bowl being firmly in our own hands at all times, with that rice bowl being filled mainly with Chinese grain; fully implement the joint responsibility of Party and government for food security; and strictly assess the food security responsibility system, ensuring that grain planting area is stable and production is maintained at over 650 million metric tons. Maintain [grain planted] area and yield in main production areas, main marketing (consumption) areas, and areas where production and consumption are in balance; constantly improve the overall grain production capacity of the main production areas; effectively stabilize and improve the food self-sufficiency rate of the main consumption areas; and ensure basic grain self-sufficiency in areas where production and consumption are in balance. Promote the building of a national food security industry belt. Vigorously carry out green, high quality, and efficiency-oriented actions, deeply implement high-quality grain projects, and improve grain yields and quality. Promote in-depth water conservation and water use control in Yellow River basin agriculture, and stabilize the grain planting area by improving water use efficiency and developing dryland agriculture. Actively respond to the adverse conditions affecting wheat, including late sowing, strengthen winter and spring field management, and promote the strengthening of weak seedlings.
(一)稳定全年粮食播种面积和产量。坚持中国人的饭碗任何时候都要牢牢端在自己手中,饭碗主要装中国粮,全面落实粮食安全党政同责,严格粮食安全责任制考核,确保粮食播种面积稳定、产量保持在1.3万亿斤以上。主产区、主销区、产销平衡区都要保面积、保产量,不断提高主产区粮食综合生产能力,切实稳定和提高主销区粮食自给率,确保产销平衡区粮食基本自给。推进国家粮食安全产业带建设。大力开展绿色高质高效行动,深入实施优质粮食工程,提升粮食单产和品质。推进黄河流域农业深度节水控水,通过提升用水效率、发展旱作农业,稳定粮食播种面积。积极应对小麦晚播等不利影响,加强冬春田间管理,促进弱苗转壮。
2. Vigorously implement projects to boost soybean and oilseed production capacity. Increase farmland crop rotation subsidies and incentives for major oil crop-producing counties, with the focus on support for well-suited areas, key varieties, and agribusiness service entities; promote corn-soybean strip intercropping in the Yellow River-Huai River-Hai River, Northwest, and Southwest regions; carry out grain-soybean rotation in the Northeast; promote pilot projects on converting from irrigated to dryland farming and switching from paddy rice to soybeans in areas of excessive groundwater extraction in Heilongjiang Province; and in the Yangtze River basin, develop expanded rapeseed planting in winter fallow farmland. Carry out demonstrations of soybean planting on saline-alkali land. Support expansion of tea oil (Camellia oleifera) planting area, and transform and upgrade low-yielding forests.
(二)大力实施大豆和油料产能提升工程。加大耕地轮作补贴和产油大县奖励力度,集中支持适宜区域、重点品种、经营服务主体,在黄淮海、西北、西南地区推广玉米大豆带状复合种植,在东北地区开展粮豆轮作,在黑龙江省部分地下水超采区、寒地井灌稻区推进水改旱、稻改豆试点,在长江流域开发冬闲田扩种油菜。开展盐碱地种植大豆示范。支持扩大油茶种植面积,改造提升低产林。
3. Assure the supply of “vegetable basket” products. Increase efforts to implement the mayoral responsibility system for “vegetable basket” 2 products (non-staple foods). Stabilize long-term support policies for hog production, stabilize basic production capacity, and prevent large fluctuations in hog production. Accelerate the expansion of beef, lamb, and dairy production, and promote pilot demonstrations of grassland animal husbandry transformation and upgrading. Stabilize the area under aquaculture and improve the quality of fisheries development. Stabilize the land area for year-round vegetable supply in large and medium-sized cities, vigorously promote the construction of facilities for vegetable cultivation in the northern region build bases for vegetables from the south to be shipped north, and improve capacity to guarantee vegetable supply in an emergency. Refine the target price policy for cotton. Explore the development of full cost insurance and planting income insurance for sugarcane. Carry out pilot projects on renewal and renovation of natural rubber and old rubber plantations.
(三)保障“菜篮子”产品供给。加大力度落实“菜篮子”市长负责制。稳定生猪生产长效性支持政策,稳定基础产能,防止生产大起大落。加快扩大牛羊肉和奶业生产,推进草原畜牧业转型升级试点示范。稳定水产养殖面积,提升渔业发展质量。稳定大中城市常年菜地保有量,大力推进北方设施蔬菜、南菜北运基地建设,提高蔬菜应急保供能力。完善棉花目标价格政策。探索开展糖料蔗完全成本保险和种植收入保险。开展天然橡胶老旧胶园更新改造试点。
4. Reasonably assure farmers’ profits from grain production. In accordance with the requirements of the goal of allowing farmers to grow grain profitably, and encouraging enthusiastic grain production in main production areas, we shall strengthen mechanisms to assure farmers’ profits from grain production. In 2022, appropriately raise the minimum purchase prices for rice and wheat, stabilize producer subsidies for corn and soybeans as well as rice subsidies, and achieve full coverage of full cost insurance and planting income insurance in the main producing provinces and major grain-producing counties for the three major grain crops (wheat, rice, and corn). Increase the incentives for major grain-producing counties, and innovate mechanisms for cooperation between grain production and grain consumption areas. Support family farms, farmers’ cooperatives, and leading agricultural industrialization enterprises in planting more and better grain. Focusing on key weak links and small farmers, accelerate the development of agricultural social services, and support agricultural service companies, farmers’ cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, grassroots supply and marketing cooperatives, and other types of entities in vigorously developing single-segment, multi-segment, and full-process agricultural production trusteeship services, to carry out contract farming, processing and logistics, product marketing, etc., so as to improve the comprehensive benefits of growing grain.
(四)合理保障农民种粮收益。按照让农民种粮有利可图、让主产区抓粮有积极性的目标要求,健全农民种粮收益保障机制。2022年适当提高稻谷、小麦最低收购价,稳定玉米、大豆生产者补贴和稻谷补贴政策,实现三大粮食作物完全成本保险和种植收入保险主产省产粮大县全覆盖。加大产粮大县奖励力度,创新粮食产销区合作机制。支持家庭农场、农民合作社、农业产业化龙头企业多种粮、种好粮。聚焦关键薄弱环节和小农户,加快发展农业社会化服务,支持农业服务公司、农民合作社、农村集体经济组织、基层供销合作社等各类主体大力发展单环节、多环节、全程生产托管服务,开展订单农业、加工物流、产品营销等,提高种粮综合效益。
5. Coordinate the regulation of important agricultural products. Strengthen the monitoring and early warning system for the entire agricultural product supply chain, promote the establishment of a unified system for the release of information on the supply and demand of agricultural products, and strengthen regulation and emergency response guarantees based on the category and variety [of agricultural product]. Deepen reform of the regulatory system and mechanisms in the field of grain purchasing and sale, carry out special rectification, and strictly punish systemic corruption according to law. Strengthen the construction of “smart” grain depots, promote both human and technological oversight, and bolster the dynamic supervision of grain stocks. Strictly control the processing of corn-based fuel ethanol. Do a good job in the production, storage, and transportation of fertilizer and other agricultural materials, so as to guarantee supply and price stability. Adhere to the priority of conservation, implement the food conservation action plan, deeply promote food saving and loss reduction throughout the whole chain of production, transportation, storage, processing, and consumption, strengthen food security education, and oppose food waste.
(五)统筹做好重要农产品调控。健全农产品全产业链监测预警体系,推动建立统一的农产品供需信息发布制度,分类分品种加强调控和应急保障。深化粮食购销领域监管体制机制改革,开展专项整治,依法从严惩治系统性腐败。加强智能粮库建设,促进人防技防相结合,强化粮食库存动态监管。严格控制以玉米为原料的燃料乙醇加工。做好化肥等农资生产储备调运,促进保供稳价。坚持节约优先,落实粮食节约行动方案,深入推进产运储加消全链条节粮减损,强化粮食安全教育,反对食物浪费。
II. Reinforce basic supports for modern agriculture
二、强化现代农业基础支撑
6. Implement hard measures “with teeth” to protect farmland. Implement joint Party and government responsibility for the protection of farmland, and strictly adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu [~120 million hectares/~297 million acres] of farmland. Consistent with order in terms of total farmland and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries, coordinate the delineation and implementation of these three control lines, decompose and allocate level-by-level the tasks and locations for the full amounts of farmland and permanent basic farmland protection targets, and have central and local governments sign cultivated land protection target responsibility documents to serve as inflexible targets for implementing strict assessment, one-vote vetoing 3, and lifelong accountability. Differentiate and clarify the use of farmland, and strictly implement order of prioritization for farmland use, in which farmland is to be used primarily for the production of grain, cotton, oil, sugar, vegetables, and other agricultural products, as well as forage and feed, permanent basic farmland should be focused on grain production, and high-standard farmland is, in principle, to be used entirely for grain production. Guide the new development of forestry and orchard industries on hills and mountainsides, encourage utilization of the “four kinds of barren” land resources, and avoid competition with grain for land. Implement and refine the policy on balancing farmland occupation and supplementation, establish whole-process regulatory mechanisms for the approval, implementation, acceptance, and stewardship of supplementary farmland projects, and ensure that the supplementary farmland can be used on a long-term and stable basis, achieving parity between the production capacity of farmland that is occupied for development and farmland that is supplemented in its place. Improve the national coordinated management approach to cross-provincial supplementation of farmland. Step up supervision of farmland-related law enforcement, and strictly investigate and deal with illegal occupation of farmland for non-agricultural construction. Strengthen the control of farmland use, and strictly control the conversion of farmland to land used for other agricultural purposes (for example, indoor livestock facilities). Consolidate and improve the safe use of contaminated farmland. In a steady and orderly fashion, carry out special pilot projects for rectification of the indiscriminate occupation of farmland for housing construction in rural areas. Consolidate the results of the special clean-up and rectification of the “greenhouse building” problem. Implement the review, audit, and risk prevention system for flows of industrial and commercial capital into rural land.
(六)落实“长牙齿”的耕地保护硬措施。实行耕地保护党政同责,严守18亿亩耕地红线。按照耕地和永久基本农田、生态保护红线、城镇开发边界的顺序,统筹划定落实三条控制线,把耕地保有量和永久基本农田保护目标任务足额带位置逐级分解下达,由中央和地方签订耕地保护目标责任书,作为刚性指标实行严格考核、一票否决、终身追责。分类明确耕地用途,严格落实耕地利用优先序,耕地主要用于粮食和棉、油、糖、蔬菜等农产品及饲草饲料生产,永久基本农田重点用于粮食生产,高标准农田原则上全部用于粮食生产。引导新发展林果业上山上坡,鼓励利用“四荒”资源,不与粮争地。落实和完善耕地占补平衡政策,建立补充耕地立项、实施、验收、管护全程监管机制,确保补充可长期稳定利用的耕地,实现补充耕地产能与所占耕地相当。改进跨省域补充耕地国家统筹管理办法。加大耕地执法监督力度,严厉查处违法违规占用耕地从事非农建设。强化耕地用途管制,严格管控耕地转为其他农用地。巩固提升受污染耕地安全利用水平。稳妥有序开展农村乱占耕地建房专项整治试点。巩固“大棚房”问题专项清理整治成果。落实工商资本流转农村土地审查审核和风险防范制度。
7. Fully complete the phased tasks for creating high-standard farmland. Through increased multi-channel investment, in 2022 set up 100 million mu [6.67 million hectares/16.5 million acres] of new high-standard farmland, and reach a cumulative total of 400 million mu [26.67 million hectares/65.9 million acres] of efficient water-saving irrigation constructed. Carry out integrated planning and synchronous implementation of efficient water-saving irrigation and high-standard farmland construction. All regions should increase efforts to transform low-yielding fields and improve the grade of farmland. Study and formulate plans to increase the area of irrigated farmland. Implement key water source, major water diversion, and other types of water allocation projects. Increase efforts in continued construction and reconstruction of large and medium-sized irrigation areas, and plan and newly construct a number of modern irrigation areas in regions with suitable water and soil resources, giving priority to turning large and medium-sized irrigation areas into high-standard farmland. Promote the National Black Soil 4 Protection Project. Implement black soil conservation tillage on 80 million mu [5.34 million hectares/13.2 million acres]. Actively explore the potential for expanding farmland stock, and support the development of eligible saline-alkali land and other reserve resources into farmland in an appropriate and orderly fashion. Research and formulate comprehensive utilization plans and implementation programs for saline-alkali land. Classify and transform saline-alkali land, and promote a transition from focusing on management of saline-alkali land so it can be adapted to crops, toward more selective breeding of saline-resistant crop varieties that are adapted to saline-alkali land. Support the construction of national agricultural high-tech industrial demonstration zones for saline-alkali land and arid and semi-arid areas. Launch the third national soil survey.
(七)全面完成高标准农田建设阶段性任务。多渠道增加投入,2022年建设高标准农田1亿亩,累计建成高效节水灌溉面积4亿亩。统筹规划、同步实施高效节水灌溉与高标准农田建设。各地要加大中低产田改造力度,提升耕地地力等级。研究制定增加农田灌溉面积的规划。实施重点水源和重大引调水等水资源配置工程。加大大中型灌区续建配套与改造力度,在水土资源条件适宜地区规划新建一批现代化灌区,优先将大中型灌区建成高标准农田。深入推进国家黑土地保护工程。实施黑土地保护性耕作8000万亩。积极挖掘潜力增加耕地,支持将符合条件的盐碱地等后备资源适度有序开发为耕地。研究制定盐碱地综合利用规划和实施方案。分类改造盐碱地,推动由主要治理盐碱地适应作物向更多选育耐盐碱植物适应盐碱地转变。支持盐碱地、干旱半干旱地区国家农业高新技术产业示范区建设。启动全国第三次土壤普查。
8. Vigorously promote research to tackle key and core agricultural technologies, including germplasm. Fully implement the Seed Industry Revitalization Action Plan. Accelerate the census and collection of agricultural germplasm resources, and strengthen accurate identification and evaluation. Promote the construction of a major national innovation platform for the seed industry. Launch major projects in agricultural biotechnology breeding. Accelerate the implementation of agricultural key core technology research projects, implement systems such as “unveiling the list” (open competition mechanism) and “ministry-province linkage,” and carry out pilot long-cycle R&D projects. Strengthen construction of the modern agricultural industrial technology system. Carry out R&D and post-extension subsidy pilot projects for major crop varieties. Implement the “Seed Law,” put into effect the essentially derived variety (EDV) system, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in the seed industry, and crack down according to law on illegal and criminal acts such as brand infringement.
(八)大力推进种源等农业关键核心技术攻关。全面实施种业振兴行动方案。加快推进农业种质资源普查收集,强化精准鉴定评价。推进种业领域国家重大创新平台建设。启动农业生物育种重大项目。加快实施农业关键核心技术攻关工程,实行“揭榜挂帅”、“部省联动”等制度,开展长周期研发项目试点。强化现代农业产业技术体系建设。开展重大品种研发与推广后补助试点。贯彻落实种子法,实行实质性派生品种制度,强化种业知识产权保护,依法严厉打击套牌侵权等违法犯罪行为。
9. Raise the level of agricultural equipment R&D and application. Comprehensively sorting out shortcomings and weaknesses, strengthen collaborative research on agricultural equipment engineering, accelerate the R&D and manufacturing of high horsepower machinery, small machinery for hilly and mountainous areas and protected “facility” horticulture, and high-end “smart” machinery, and include such R&D in the national key R&D program, so as to give it long-term, stable support. Implement the agricultural machinery purchase and use subsidy policy, and optimize the subsidy payment method. Refine agricultural machinery performance evaluation mechanisms, promote the addition and removal of machinery from the subsidy list, with superior machines getting priority for subsidies, and with the focus on supporting grain drying, crawler tractors, corn-soybean strip intercropping, rapeseed harvesting, and other types of agricultural machinery, and promote large-scale, “smart” farm machinery for intercropping. Promote upgrading of emissions standards for newly produced agricultural machinery. Carry out pilot projects on the integrated R&D, manufacturing, promotion, and use of agricultural machinery.
(九)提升农机装备研发应用水平。全面梳理短板弱项,加强农机装备工程化协同攻关,加快大马力机械、丘陵山区和设施园艺小型机械、高端智能机械研发制造并纳入国家重点研发计划予以长期稳定支持。实施农机购置与应用补贴政策,优化补贴兑付方式。完善农机性能评价机制,推进补贴机具有进有出、优机优补,重点支持粮食烘干、履带式作业、玉米大豆带状复合种植、油菜籽收获等农机,推广大型复合智能农机。推动新生产农机排放标准升级。开展农机研发制造推广应用一体化试点。
10. Accelerate the development of protected (“facility”) agriculture. Develop plastic greenhouses, solar greenhouses, continuous greenhouses, and other facilities according to local conditions. Concentrate on the construction of seedling planting facilities. Encourage the development of intensive factory farming, three-dimensional ecological farming and other new types of breeding facilities. Promote the integration of irrigation and fertilizer, automated feeding, intelligent environmental control, and other facilities and equipment technology R&D and applications. On the basis of protecting the ecological environment, explore the use of developable idle land and abandoned land for the development of facility agriculture.
(十)加快发展设施农业。因地制宜发展塑料大棚、日光温室、连栋温室等设施。集中建设育苗工厂化设施。鼓励发展工厂化集约养殖、立体生态养殖等新型养殖设施。推动水肥一体化、饲喂自动化、环境控制智能化等设施装备技术研发应用。在保护生态环境基础上,探索利用可开发的空闲地、废弃地发展设施农业。
11. Effectively prevent and respond to major agricultural disasters. Intensify efforts in agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation, and disaster relief capacity-building and investment. Repair water damage and disaster damage to agricultural and water (irrigation and water conservation) infrastructure, and strengthen construction and stewardship of ditches and channels, reservoirs, and pump stations. Strengthen reserve emergency supplies for flood control and drought relief. Strengthen the construction of monitoring and early warning systems for agricultural and rural, irrigation and water conservation, and meteorological disasters, so as to enhance the ability to respond to extreme weather. Strengthen construction of the grassroots animal and plant disease prevention and control system, which shall implement a local responsibility system, be fully staffed with competent professionals, and implement fixed responsibilities for fixed posts, to ensure that there are people responsible for, working on, and managing the prevention and control of African swine fever, fall armyworm, and other major animal and plant diseases and pests. Do a good job of preventing and controlling at the source diseases shared between humans and animals. Strengthen invasive alien species prevention and control management; do a good job of surveying and monitoring, entry inspection and quarantining, and domestic prevention and control; those that have already been introduced and have caused serious harm must be precisely managed with “species-specific policies” and effectively eradicated. Strengthen research on the medium- and long-term impacts of climate change on agriculture.
(十一)有效防范应对农业重大灾害。加大农业防灾减灾救灾能力建设和投入力度。修复水毁灾损农业、水利基础设施,加强沟渠疏浚以及水库、泵站建设和管护。加强防汛抗旱应急物资储备。强化农业农村、水利、气象灾害监测预警体系建设,增强极端天气应对能力。加强基层动植物疫病防控体系建设,落实属地责任,配齐配强专业人员,实行定责定岗定人,确保非洲猪瘟、草地贪夜蛾等动植物重大疫病防控责有人负、活有人干、事有人管。做好人兽共患病源头防控。加强外来入侵物种防控管理,做好普查监测、入境检疫、国内防控,对已传入并造成严重危害的,要“一种一策”精准治理、有效灭除。加强中长期气候变化对农业影响研究。
III. Resolutely hold the bottom line of no return to poverty on a large scale
三、坚决守住不发生规模性返贫底线
12. Refine monitoring and assistance mechanisms. Precisely determine the targets of monitoring, include rural residents at risk of returning to poverty or who have sudden serious difficulties within the scope of monitoring, streamline workflows, and shorten identification times. When emerging problems due to disasters, disease, epidemics, etc. are discovered, social assistance, medical assurance, and other assistive measures shall be implemented promptly. Strengthen the implementation of monitoring and assistance responsibilities, ensuring that no gaps are left in the work or in policies. Continue to carry out post-assessment work to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation.
(十二)完善监测帮扶机制。精准确定监测对象,将有返贫致贫风险和突发严重困难的农户纳入监测范围,简化工作流程,缩短认定时间。针对发现的因灾因病因疫等苗头性问题,及时落实社会救助、医疗保障等帮扶措施。强化监测帮扶责任落实,确保工作不留空档、政策不留空白。继续开展巩固脱贫成果后评估工作。
13. Promote sustained income growth of the previously impoverished population. Encourage poverty alleviation areas to rely more on development to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation, so that those lifted out of poverty reach a higher standard of living. Consolidate and enhance specialty industries in poverty alleviation areas, and improve mechanisms for cooperating with and assisting rural residents, so as to raise the household incomes of the previously impoverished population. Gradually increase the proportion of central government assistance funds used for industrial development, focus on supporting and assisting industries to make up shortcomings in technology, facilities, marketing, etc., strengthen the leadership role, and promote the upgrading of industries. Consolidate the effectiveness of solar PV-based poverty alleviation projects, and develop the solar PV industry in poverty alleviation areas with the right conditions. Concentrate responsibility for employment assistance, and ensure a stable scale of labor force employment for people lifted out of poverty. Deepen east-west collaboration on labor services, and do a good job of transferring employment within provinces. Extend preferential policies to support the development of [employment] assistance workshops. Give full play to the role of food for work, which can be increased as a proportion of labor remuneration where appropriate. Coordinate the use of rural public welfare positions, and implement dynamic management. Gradually adjust and optimize the ecological forest ranger policy.
(十三)促进脱贫人口持续增收。推动脱贫地区更多依靠发展来巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,让脱贫群众生活更上一层楼。巩固提升脱贫地区特色产业,完善联农带农机制,提高脱贫人口家庭经营性收入。逐步提高中央财政衔接推进乡村振兴补助资金用于产业发展的比重,重点支持帮扶产业补上技术、设施、营销等短板,强化龙头带动作用,促进产业提档升级。巩固光伏扶贫工程成效,在有条件的脱贫地区发展光伏产业。压实就业帮扶责任,确保脱贫劳动力就业规模稳定。深化东西部劳务协作,做好省内转移就业工作。延续支持帮扶车间发展优惠政策。发挥以工代赈作用,具备条件的可提高劳务报酬发放比例。统筹用好乡村公益岗位,实行动态管理。逐步调整优化生态护林员政策。
14. Increase support for key assistance counties in rural revitalization, and for centralized resettlement areas for poverty alleviation relocation. In key assistance counties for rural revitalization, implement a number of projects to make up shortcomings and promote development. Prepare an implementation plan for effectively linking the consolidation and expansion of poverty alleviation results with rural revitalization in key assistance counties for national rural revitalization. Do a good job of selecting technology envoys for key assistance counties for national rural revitalization, implement the industrial technology consultant system, and plan to carry out “group-style” assistance by cadres and talents in education and healthcare. Establish and improve monitoring and evaluation mechanisms for the development of key assistance counties for national rural revitalization. Expand investment in credit funds and insurance coverage for key assistance counties for national rural revitalization. Perfect the supporting facilities and public services in centralized resettlement areas for poverty alleviation relocation, continue stepping up efforts to incubate industries in resettlement areas, and carry out special assistance programs to help relocated people find employment. Implement initiatives on the household registration management, protection of legal rights and interests, and social integration of relocated people, and raise the governance level of resettlement communities.
(十四)加大对乡村振兴重点帮扶县和易地搬迁集中安置区支持力度。在乡村振兴重点帮扶县实施一批补短板促发展项目。编制国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接实施方案。做好国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县科技特派团选派,实行产业技术顾问制度,有计划开展教育、医疗干部人才组团式帮扶。建立健全国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县发展监测评价机制。加大对国家乡村振兴重点帮扶县信贷资金投入和保险保障力度。完善易地搬迁集中安置区配套设施和公共服务,持续加大安置区产业培育力度,开展搬迁群众就业帮扶专项行动。落实搬迁群众户籍管理、合法权益保障、社会融入等工作举措,提升安置社区治理水平。
15. Promote the implementation and putting into effect of assistance policies for poverty alleviation areas. Maintain the overall stability of the main assistance policies, refine the implementation of various transition period assistance policies, and evaluate policy effects. Expand the fields of collaboration between eastern and western regions, and deepen paired-up assistance among counties, villages, enterprises, schools, hospitals, etc. Within the framework of eastern-western region collaboration and counterpart assistance, continue to carry out cross-provincial adjustment of surplus indicators linked to the increase or decrease of urban and rural construction land use. Continue to do a good job in the designated assistance work of Central units. Do a solid job of micro-credit for the previously impoverished population. Create consumer assistance demonstration cities and producing area demonstration zones, and utilize the role of network sales platforms for the agricultural and sideline products of poverty alleviation areas.
(十五)推动脱贫地区帮扶政策落地见效。保持主要帮扶政策总体稳定,细化落实过渡期各项帮扶政策,开展政策效果评估。拓展东西部协作工作领域,深化区县、村企、学校、医院等结对帮扶。在东西部协作和对口支援框架下,继续开展城乡建设用地增减挂钩节余指标跨省域调剂。持续做好中央单位定点帮扶工作。扎实做好脱贫人口小额信贷工作。创建消费帮扶示范城市和产地示范区,发挥脱贫地区农副产品网络销售平台作用。
IV. Focus on industry to promote rural development
四、聚焦产业促进乡村发展
16. Continue to promote the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas. Encourage localities to expand agriculture’s multiple functions and tap into diversified value from rural areas, focusing on the development of industries such as agricultural product processing, rural leisure tourism, and rural e-commerce. Support large agricultural counties in focusing on the agricultural product processing industry, and guide enterprises to develop grain and oil processing and food manufacturing in producing areas. Promote the construction of modern agricultural industrial parks and strong agricultural industry towns, incubate advantageous and specialty industry clusters, and continue to support the creation of a number of national demonstration parks for integrated development of rural industries. Implement the rural leisure tourism improvement plan. Support the development of rural bed and breakfasts and scenic village (spot) farm guesthouses operated directly by farmers or with their participation. Include rural leisure and tourism projects that meet requirements within the scope of science bases and practice bases for primary and middle school students to learn about farm work. Implement the “revitalizing agriculture with digital commerce” project, and promote e-commerce going into the countryside. Promote the regulated and healthy development of live streaming commerce for agricultural and sideline products. Carry out improvement actions for agricultural variety improvement, quality improvement, brand building, and standardized production, promote the commitment and compliance certification system for edible agricultural products, and perfect the whole-production-chain quality and safety traceability system. Accelerate the implementation of land use policies for assuring and regulating the integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas.
(十六)持续推进农村一二三产业融合发展。鼓励各地拓展农业多种功能、挖掘乡村多元价值,重点发展农产品加工、乡村休闲旅游、农村电商等产业。支持农业大县聚焦农产品加工业,引导企业到产地发展粮油加工、食品制造。推进现代农业产业园和农业产业强镇建设,培育优势特色产业集群,继续支持创建一批国家农村产业融合发展示范园。实施乡村休闲旅游提升计划。支持农民直接经营或参与经营的乡村民宿、农家乐特色村(点)发展。将符合要求的乡村休闲旅游项目纳入科普基地和中小学学农劳动实践基地范围。实施“数商兴农”工程,推进电子商务进乡村。促进农副产品直播带货规范健康发展。开展农业品种培优、品质提升、品牌打造和标准化生产提升行动,推进食用农产品承诺达标合格证制度,完善全产业链质量安全追溯体系。加快落实保障和规范农村一二三产业融合发展用地政策。
17. Vigorously develop people-enriching industries at the county level. Support large and medium-sized cities in migrating and extending industries to counties, and guide the orderly gradient-based transfer of industries. Vigorously develop industries that have relatively pronounced county-wide advantages, strong ability to drive agriculture and rural communities, and significant employment capacity, and promote the formation of a “one county, one industry” development pattern. Enhance grassroots innovation in counties, and strengthen the integration of production chains and innovation chains. Accelerate improvement of the industry services function of county seats, and encourage industries to concentrate in parks, and leading enterprises to grow stronger and larger. Guide the development of specialized small and medium-sized enterprise clusters in central towns with the right conditions, and promote the development of village workshops and home workshops in key villages.
(十七)大力发展县域富民产业。支持大中城市疏解产业向县域延伸,引导产业有序梯度转移。大力发展县域范围内比较优势明显、带动农业农村能力强、就业容量大的产业,推动形成“一县一业”发展格局。加强县域基层创新,强化产业链与创新链融合。加快完善县城产业服务功能,促进产业向园区集中、龙头企业做强做大。引导具备条件的中心镇发展专业化中小微企业集聚区,推动重点村发展乡村作坊、家庭工场。
18. Strengthen the building of a county-level commercial system. Implement actions to build county-level commerce, so as to promote rural consumption expansion and quality upgrading. Accelerate the layout of the rural logistics and express delivery network, implement the “express delivery into the village” project, encourage the development of township “multi-station” service stations integrating passenger, cargo, and mail services, “one point, multiple functions” integrated service points for village-level delivery logistics, promote the joint distribution mode of county-township-village logistics, and promote the integrated development of rural passenger, cargo, and mail services. Support large-scale circulation enterprises in focusing on county seats and central towns when extending supply chains to rural areas. Accelerate implementation of the project to get agricultural products out of villages and into cities using “internet plus,” and promote the establishment of long-term and stable production-marketing linkages. Promote the extension of the cold chain logistics service network to rural areas, promote construction of cold chain logistics facilities for storage and preservation of agricultural products in production areas throughout counties, and promote the cooperation and affiliation, and networked support, of such facilities. Support supply and marketing cooperatives in carrying out circulation service network construction and upgrading actions at the county level, and construct county-level collection and distribution centers.
(十八)加强县域商业体系建设。实施县域商业建设行动,促进农村消费扩容提质升级。加快农村物流快递网点布局,实施“快递进村”工程,鼓励发展“多站合一”的乡镇客货邮综合服务站、“一点多能”的村级寄递物流综合服务点,推进县乡村物流共同配送,促进农村客货邮融合发展。支持大型流通企业以县城和中心镇为重点下沉供应链。加快实施“互联网+”农产品出村进城工程,推动建立长期稳定的产销对接关系。推动冷链物流服务网络向农村延伸,整县推进农产品产地仓储保鲜冷链物流设施建设,促进合作联营、成网配套。支持供销合作社开展县域流通服务网络建设提升行动,建设县域集采集配中心。
19. Promote employment and entrepreneurship for rural people local to or nearby their homes. Implement various types of employment stabilization policies for migrant workers. Fully utilize the employment-driving role of large and medium-sized cities. Implement actions to improve the quality of urbanization for county-level migrant workers. Encourage the development regulate the development of new employment forms, and foster the development of domestic services, logistics and distribution, elderly care, and other consumer-oriented services. Promote the construction of entrepreneurship parks for those moving or returning to rural areas to start businesses, and implement various support policies. Vigorously carry out skills training, and training for new occupations and new business models, suitable for the employment of migrant workers. Reasonably guide migrant workers engaged in flexible employment to participate in basic health insurance for employees and basic pension insurance for urban workers according to regulations.
(十九)促进农民就地就近就业创业。落实各类农民工稳岗就业政策。发挥大中城市就业带动作用。实施县域农民工市民化质量提升行动。鼓励发展共享用工、多渠道灵活就业,规范发展新就业形态,培育发展家政服务、物流配送、养老托育等生活性服务业。推进返乡入乡创业园建设,落实各项扶持政策。大力开展适合农民工就业的技能培训和新职业新业态培训。合理引导灵活就业农民工按规定参加职工基本医疗保险和城镇职工基本养老保险。
20. Promote the green development of agriculture and rural areas. Strengthen the comprehensive management of agricultural surface pollution, deepen promotion of agricultural input reduction, strengthen the utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources, promote the scientific use and recycling of agricultural plastic film, and support the comprehensive use of straw. Build national agricultural green development pioneer areas. Carry out evaluation of agricultural green development conditions. Carry out water system connectivity and “Beautiful Water Village” construction. Implement major ecological protection and restoration projects, restore the ecological environment of rivers and lakes, and strengthen natural forest protection and restoration, and grassland recuperation. Scientifically promote land greening. Support the development of pastoral areas and income augmentation of pastoralists, and implement the third round of grassland ecological protection subsidy and incentive policies. Research, develop, and apply carbon reduction and carbon sink agricultural technologies, and explore the establishment of a value realization mechanism for carbon sink products. Implement major biodiversity protection projects; Consolidate the results of the Yangtze River fishing ban, strengthen the resettlement of retired fishermen, and bolster routine law enforcement supervision. Strengthen the conservation of aquatic organisms and regulate their proliferation and release. Build a nature reserve system with national parks as the mainstay. Issue guiding opinions on promoting ecological revitalization of the countryside.
(二十)推进农业农村绿色发展。加强农业面源污染综合治理,深入推进农业投入品减量化,加强畜禽粪污资源化利用,推进农膜科学使用回收,支持秸秆综合利用。建设国家农业绿色发展先行区。开展农业绿色发展情况评价。开展水系连通及水美乡村建设。实施生态保护修复重大工程,复苏河湖生态环境,加强天然林保护修复、草原休养生息。科学推进国土绿化。支持牧区发展和牧民增收,落实第三轮草原生态保护补助奖励政策。研发应用减碳增汇型农业技术,探索建立碳汇产品价值实现机制。实施生物多样性保护重大工程。巩固长江禁渔成果,强化退捕渔民安置保障,加强常态化执法监管。强化水生生物养护,规范增殖放流。构建以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系。出台推进乡村生态振兴的指导意见。
V. Solidly and steadily promote rural construction
五、扎实稳妥推进乡村建设
21. Improve mechanisms for implementing rural construction. Implement the requirements of rural revitalization for the farmers and rural construction for the farmers, adhere to a bottom-up approach with villager autonomy and farmer participation, launch the implementation plan for rural construction action, choosing methods according to local conditions, and advancing vigorously in an orderly fashion. Insist on quality over quantity and effectiveness over progress, seek “good” instead of “fast,” and grasp the “time, degree, and impact” of rural construction. Carry out rural construction based on the existing village foundation, and do not blindly demolish old villages to build new villages, nor engage in large-scale financing, development, or construction beyond the stage of development, avoiding waste caused by ineffective investment, and preventing the risk of village-level debt. Coordinate the layout of towns and villages, scientifically determine the classification of villages, accelerate promotion of village plan preparation by villages with the appropriate conditions and needs, and strictly regulate village consolidation. Carry out demonstrations of the protection and utilization of concentrated and contiguous traditional villages, and improve mechanisms for the monitoring and evaluation, warning and withdrawal, and pre-consolidation review of traditional villages Protect characteristic ethnic minority villages. Implement the “Rescuing Old Houses Campaign.” Promote the streamlined approval of small construction projects in villages, regulate project management, and improve financial performance. Summarize and extend the effective practices of villagers’ autonomous organizations, rural collective economic organizations, and farmers’ participation in village construction projects. Clarify the property rights of rural construction projects, and organize the preparation of lists, with counties as the units, of responsibilities for the management of public infrastructure in villages.
(二十一)健全乡村建设实施机制。落实乡村振兴为农民而兴、乡村建设为农民而建的要求,坚持自下而上、村民自治、农民参与,启动乡村建设行动实施方案,因地制宜、有力有序推进。坚持数量服从质量、进度服从实效,求好不求快,把握乡村建设的时度效。立足村庄现有基础开展乡村建设,不盲目拆旧村、建新村,不超越发展阶段搞大融资、大开发、大建设,避免无效投入造成浪费,防范村级债务风险。统筹城镇和村庄布局,科学确定村庄分类,加快推进有条件有需求的村庄编制村庄规划,严格规范村庄撤并。开展传统村落集中连片保护利用示范,健全传统村落监测评估、警示退出、撤并事前审查等机制。保护特色民族村寨。实施“拯救老屋行动”。推动村庄小型建设项目简易审批,规范项目管理,提高资金绩效。总结推广村民自治组织、农村集体经济组织、农民群众参与乡村建设项目的有效做法。明晰乡村建设项目产权,以县域为单位组织编制村庄公共基础设施管护责任清单。
22. Continue to implement the five-year action for rural habitat environment improvement and upgrading. Promote rural toilet improvement based on farmers’ actual requirements. Sanitary flush toilets can be promoted where conditions permit, coordinating to do a good job of water supply assurance and sewage treatment; where conditions do not permit flush toilets, sanitary dry toilets can be constructed. Consolidate the results of troubleshooting and rectification of household toilet issues. Promote the differentiated treatment of rural sewage by area, giving priority to the treatment of densely populated villages, and promote small-scale ecological treatment and resource utilization of sewage in places not suited to centralized treatment. Accelerate the treatment of darkened and odorous water bodies in rural areas. Promote domestic waste source separation and reduction, strengthen the construction of comprehensive disposal and utilization facilities for organic waste in villages, and promote local utilization and treatment. Implement village cleanup, greening and beautification efforts.
(二十二)接续实施农村人居环境整治提升五年行动。从农民实际需求出发推进农村改厕,具备条件的地方可推广水冲卫生厕所,统筹做好供水保障和污水处理;不具备条件的可建设卫生旱厕。巩固户厕问题摸排整改成果。分区分类推进农村生活污水治理,优先治理人口集中村庄,不适宜集中处理的推进小型化生态化治理和污水资源化利用。加快推进农村黑臭水体治理。推进生活垃圾源头分类减量,加强村庄有机废弃物综合处置利用设施建设,推进就地利用处理。深入实施村庄清洁行动和绿化美化行动。
23. Solidly carry out rural infrastructure construction in key fields. In an orderly fashion, promote the connecting of townships with grade three or above highways, and the connecting of relatively populous natural villages (groups) with hardened roads; and implement rural highway safety and life protection projects, and the reconstruction of dangerous bridges. Solidly carry out rural highway management and maintenance system reform pilot projects. Steadily promote automatic road condition detection for rural highways. Promote the construction and renovation of rural water supply projects, supported with complete purification and disinfection facilities and equipment. Deepen implementation of rural power grid consolidation and upgrading projects. Promote the construction of rural solar PV, biomass, and other clean energy. Implement projects to improve the quality and safety of rural housing, continue to implement dangerous house renovation and seismic retrofitting in rural areas, and improve the specifications of rural housing construction standards. Strengthen the rectification of safety hazards of rural self-built buildings used for business.
(二十三)扎实开展重点领域农村基础设施建设。有序推进乡镇通三级及以上等级公路、较大人口规模自然村(组)通硬化路,实施农村公路安全生命防护工程和危桥改造。扎实开展农村公路管理养护体制改革试点。稳步推进农村公路路况自动化检测。推进农村供水工程建设改造,配套完善净化消毒设施设备。深入实施农村电网巩固提升工程。推进农村光伏、生物质能等清洁能源建设。实施农房质量安全提升工程,继续实施农村危房改造和抗震改造,完善农村房屋建设标准规范。加强对用作经营的农村自建房安全隐患整治。
24. Vigorously promote digital village construction. Promote the development of intelligent agriculture, and promote the integration of information technology with agricultural machinery and agronomic applications. Strengthen the digital literacy and skills training of farmers. Empower rural public services with digital technology, and promote the extension of “internet + government services” coverage to rural areas. Focusing on solving practical problems, expand the application scenarios of agricultural and rural big data. Accelerate digital village standardization, study and formulate a development evaluation index system, and continue to carry out digital village pilot projects. Strengthen the construction of rural information infrastructure.
(二十四)大力推进数字乡村建设。推进智慧农业发展,促进信息技术与农机农艺融合应用。加强农民数字素养与技能培训。以数字技术赋能乡村公共服务,推动“互联网+政务服务”向乡村延伸覆盖。着眼解决实际问题,拓展农业农村大数据应用场景。加快推动数字乡村标准化建设,研究制定发展评价指标体系,持续开展数字乡村试点。加强农村信息基础设施建设。
25. Strengthen county-level coordination of basic public services. Accelerate promotion of urbanization with county seats as important vehicles. Strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-up livelihood improvement, and promote a transformation in the supply of basic public services from a focus on institutional administrative area coverage to a focus on resident population service coverage. Implement a new round of the preschool education action plan, use multiple channels to accelerate the construction of universal preschool education resources in rural areas, and properly handle special education. Solidly promote the building of urban and rural school communities. Deeply promote the building of close-knit county-level medical and health communities, implement health insurance based on total payment, strengthen supervision and assessment, and realize surplus retention and reasonable over-expenditure sharing. Promote the informatization of health insurance in designated rural grassroots medical institutions, strengthen the full coverage of “smart” monitoring, and enhance the supervision of health insurance funds. Implement the policy of differentiated funding for groups with special difficulties to participate in basic health insurance for urban and rural residents. Where conditions permit, localities can provide subsidies for the operation of village health offices, and implement social security benefits such as old age security and health insurance for village doctors in a differentiated manner. Heighten the ability of county-level homes for the elderly to care for the disabled, and the level of centralized care in township homes for the elderly, and encourage the development of daytime care, dining halls for seniors, and other services in villages where conditions permit. Strengthen township convenience services and social work services, and implement village-level comprehensive service facility improvement projects. Improve the hierarchical differentiation of the social assistance system to effectively assure the basic livelihoods of farmers in need. Improve the care and contact system for grassroots Party members and cadres, and frequently visit empty nesters, left-behind children, and the disabled. Improve the care and protection network for minors.
(二十五)加强基本公共服务县域统筹。加快推进以县城为重要载体的城镇化建设。加强普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建设,推动基本公共服务供给由注重机构行政区域覆盖向注重常住人口服务覆盖转变。实施新一轮学前教育行动计划,多渠道加快农村普惠性学前教育资源建设,办好特殊教育。扎实推进城乡学校共同体建设。深入推进紧密型县域医疗卫生共同体建设,实施医保按总额付费,加强监督考核,实现结余留用、合理超支分担。推动农村基层定点医疗机构医保信息化建设,强化智能监控全覆盖,加强医疗保障基金监管。落实对特殊困难群体参加城乡居民基本医保的分类资助政策。有条件的地方可提供村卫生室运行经费补助,分类落实村医养老保障、医保等社会保障待遇。提升县级敬老院失能照护能力和乡镇敬老院集中供养水平,鼓励在有条件的村庄开展日间照料、老年食堂等服务。加强乡镇便民服务和社会工作服务,实施村级综合服务设施提升工程。健全分层分类的社会救助体系,切实保障困难农民群众基本生活。健全基层党员、干部关爱联系制度,经常探访空巢老人、留守儿童、残疾人。完善未成年人关爱保护工作网络。
VI. Highlight effectiveness in improving rural governance
六、突出实效改进乡村治理
26. Strengthen the building of rural grassroots organizations. Strengthen the responsibilities of county-level Party committees in “grasping townships and promoting villages,” deepen reform of the township management system, improve the unified command and overall coordination mechanisms of township Party committees, strengthen the building of leadership teams in townships and villages after leadership transitions, and carry out comprehensive training for rural grassroots cadres on rural revitalization topics. Continuously investigate and rectify weak and lax village Party organizations. Make good use of the roles of village first secretaries and task forces in grasping party-building and promoting rural revitalization. Improve mechanisms for the study and discussion of important village-level matters and major issues by village Party organizations, and fully implement the “four discussions and two disclosures” system. Carry out in-depth city and county inspections, strengthen grassroots supervision, enhance communication and cooperation between grassroots discipline inspection and supervision organizations and village affairs supervision committees, and strengthen the supervision of village cadres. Improve the Party-led rural governance system combining self-governance, rule of law, and rule of morality, and put into effect grid-based management, digital empowerment, and refined services. Promote the standardization of village committees. Deepen pilot demonstrations of rural governance system construction. Carry out innovative experiments on village-level deliberation and consultation. Promote the list system for village-level organizations on matters of self-governance and matters of assistance with government work according to law, regulate the institutional signage and certification matters of village-level organizations, implement the “one table” system for basic information statistics at the village level, and lighten the burdens of village organizations.
(二十六)加强农村基层组织建设。强化县级党委抓乡促村职责,深化乡镇管理体制改革,健全乡镇党委统一指挥和统筹协调机制,加强乡镇、村集中换届后领导班子建设,全面开展农村基层干部乡村振兴主题培训。持续排查整顿软弱涣散村党组织。发挥驻村第一书记和工作队抓党建促乡村振兴作用。完善村级重要事项、重大问题经村党组织研究讨论机制,全面落实“四议两公开”制度。深入开展市县巡察,强化基层监督,加强基层纪检监察组织与村务监督委员会的沟通协作、有效衔接,强化对村干部的监督。健全党组织领导的自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系,推行网格化管理、数字化赋能、精细化服务。推进村委会规范化建设。深化乡村治理体系建设试点示范。开展村级议事协商创新实验。推广村级组织依法自治事项、依法协助政府工作事项等清单制,规范村级组织机构牌子和证明事项,推行村级基础信息统计“一张表”制度,减轻村级组织负担。
27. Innovate effective platforms and vehicles for building spiritual civilization in rural areas. Rely on the New Era Civilization Practice Centers, county-level media centers, and other platforms to carry out targeted and audience-specific propaganda and education, and carry forward and practice the core socialist values. In rural areas, innovate in carrying out “listen to the Party, be grateful to the Party, and follow the Party” propaganda and education activities. Explore specific ways to coordinate promotion of the integrated development of urban and rural spiritual civilization, and improve the nationwide civilized villages and towns assessment system. Launch implementation of the plan for using cultural industries to empower rural revitalization. Integrate resources of cultural activities for benefiting the people, and support farmers in organizing their own cultural and sports activities that reflect the fun and flavor of farming, such as village songs, “village nights,” square dances, and fun games. Do a good job of holding Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festivals. Strengthen protection of the cultural inheritance of farming, and promote the protection and utilization of the intangible cultural heritage and important cultural heritage of agriculture. Promote the point-based system and other forms of governance, effectively utilize the role of village rules and regulations, and of family education and family traditions, promote rural wedding customs reform pilot projects and funeral customs reform, and carry out special control campaigns against prominent problems in key areas of changing customs and traditions, such as high-priced dowries and exorbitant spending on big events.
(二十七)创新农村精神文明建设有效平台载体。依托新时代文明实践中心、县级融媒体中心等平台开展对象化分众化宣传教育,弘扬和践行社会主义核心价值观。在乡村创新开展“听党话、感党恩、跟党走”宣传教育活动。探索统筹推动城乡精神文明融合发展的具体方式,完善全国文明村镇测评体系。启动实施文化产业赋能乡村振兴计划。整合文化惠民活动资源,支持农民自发组织开展村歌、“村晚”、广场舞、趣味运动会等体现农耕农趣农味的文化体育活动。办好中国农民丰收节。加强农耕文化传承保护,推进非物质文化遗产和重要农业文化遗产保护利用。推广积分制等治理方式,有效发挥村规民约、家庭家教家风作用,推进农村婚俗改革试点和殡葬习俗改革,开展高价彩礼、大操大办等移风易俗重点领域突出问题专项治理。
28. Effectively maintain social peace and stability in rural areas. Promote construction of a higher-level of peaceful villages under the rule of law. Create a number of “Fengqiao-style public security police stations” and “Fengqiao-style people’s courts.” Normalize the fight against underworld and evil forces, and continue to combat “village bullies.” Prevent rural grassroots power from being eroded and negatively influenced by underworld and evil forces, family forces, and clan forces. In accordance with law, crack down on rural pornography, gambling, drugs, and crimes against the personal rights of rural women and children. Strengthen propaganda and education on the rule of law in rural areas. Strengthen grassroots public psychological services and crisis intervention, and build a one-stop mechanism for resolving diverse conflicts and disputes. Reinforce rural religious work. Coordinate promotion of emergency management and rural governance resources integration, accelerate the construction of rural emergency broadcast active release terminals, and guide the proper performance of emergency personnel evacuation work. Carry out investigations and special treatment of risks and hidden dangers in the fields of rural traffic, firefighting, safe production, natural disasters, and food and drug safety, and crack down according to law on the production and sale of counterfeit and shoddy agricultural products, illegal fundraising, telecommunication fraud, and other illegal and criminal acts in rural areas. Strengthen capacity building for comprehensive administrative law enforcement in agriculture. Put into effect responsibility for disease prevention and control in primary healthcare institutions. Improve the system for normalized COVID-19 prevention and control in rural areas, and strictly implement joint prevention and control and group prevention and control measures.
(二十八)切实维护农村社会平安稳定。推进更高水平的平安法治乡村建设。创建一批“枫桥式公安派出所”、“枫桥式人民法庭”。常态化开展扫黑除恶斗争,持续打击“村霸”。防范黑恶势力、家族宗族势力等对农村基层政权的侵蚀和影响。依法严厉打击农村黄赌毒和侵害农村妇女儿童人身权利的违法犯罪行为。加强农村法治宣传教育。加强基层社会心理服务和危机干预,构建一站式多元化矛盾纠纷化解机制。加强农村宗教工作力量。统筹推进应急管理与乡村治理资源整合,加快推进农村应急广播主动发布终端建设,指导做好人员紧急转移避险工作。开展农村交通、消防、安全生产、自然灾害、食品药品安全等领域风险隐患排查和专项治理,依法严厉打击农村制售假冒伪劣农资、非法集资、电信诈骗等违法犯罪行为。加强农业综合行政执法能力建设。落实基层医疗卫生机构疾病预防控制责任。健全农村新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控工作体系,严格落实联防联控、群防群控措施。
VII. Increase policy assurance and institutional mechanism innovation
七、加大政策保障和体制机制创新力度
29. Expand investment in rural revitalization. Continue to take agriculture and rural areas as a priority area for assurance in the general public budget, further tilt investment within the central budget toward agriculture and rural areas, and compress the responsibility for local government investment. Strengthen assessment and supervision, and steadily increase the percentage of land concession revenue used for agriculture and rural areas. Support local governments in issuing government bonds for eligible rural revitalization public welfare projects. Improve the quality of the rural revitalization projects in the pipeline. Strengthen budget performance management and supervision.
(二十九)扩大乡村振兴投入。继续把农业农村作为一般公共预算优先保障领域,中央预算内投资进一步向农业农村倾斜,压实地方政府投入责任。加强考核监督,稳步提高土地出让收入用于农业农村的比例。支持地方政府发行政府债券用于符合条件的乡村振兴公益性项目。提高乡村振兴领域项目储备质量。强化预算绩效管理和监督。
30. Strengthen financial services for rural revitalization. For local corporate financial institutions with legal persons and business in counties, and whose funds are used mainly for rural revitalization, increase support for re-lending and re-discounting to support agriculture and small businesses, and implement more preferential deposit reserve policies. Support various financial institutions in exploring medium- and long-term credit models for agricultural and rural infrastructure. Accelerate the reform of rural credit cooperatives, improve the governance mechanisms of provincial (autonomous region) rural credit unions, and steadily resolve risks. Improve the statistical system of financial services for rural revitalization, and carry out assessment and evaluation of financial institution services for rural revitalization. Carry out in-depth construction of the rural credit system, and develop credit facilities for farmers. Strengthen the popularization and education of financial knowledge and the protection of financial consumer rights in rural areas. Actively develop agricultural insurance and reinsurance. Optimize and improve the “insurance + futures” model. Strengthen the market sharing and compensation of agricultural credit risks, and give full play to the role of agricultural credit guarantees.
(三十)强化乡村振兴金融服务。对机构法人在县域、业务在县域、资金主要用于乡村振兴的地方法人金融机构,加大支农支小再贷款、再贴现支持力度,实施更加优惠的存款准备金政策。支持各类金融机构探索农业农村基础设施中长期信贷模式。加快农村信用社改革,完善省(自治区)农村信用社联合社治理机制,稳妥化解风险。完善乡村振兴金融服务统计制度,开展金融机构服务乡村振兴考核评估。深入开展农村信用体系建设,发展农户信用贷款。加强农村金融知识普及教育和金融消费权益保护。积极发展农业保险和再保险。优化完善“保险+期货”模式。强化涉农信贷风险市场化分担和补偿,发挥好农业信贷担保作用。
31. Strengthen the building of talent teams for rural revitalization. Discover, train, and use strategic scientists in the field of agriculture. Launch the “Shennong Talents” program, and accelerate the training of science and technology leaders, young scientific and technological talents, and high-level innovation teams. Deeply implement the system of science and technology envoys. Implement a high-quality farmer incubation program, the “Lead Goose” project for cultivating leaders for rural industrial revitalization, the youth achievement action for rural revitalization, and the women’s action for rural revitalization. Implement the policy of tilting toward grassroots business units in hardship and remote areas in open recruitment, carry out “targeted evaluation and targeted use” work for the professional title evaluation of professional and technical personnel below the county level, and implement total number control and separate listing of proportions for middle and senior professional and technical positions. Improve the farming practice-based education system. Optimize the structure of disciplines and specialties, and support the operation of agriculture-related higher education schools and vocational education. Cultivate rural planning, design, construction, and management professionals and local talents. Encourage localities to introduce incentive policies for urban talents to go to the countryside to serve rural revitalization.
(三十一)加强乡村振兴人才队伍建设。发现和培养使用农业领域战略科学家。启动“神农英才”计划,加快培养科技领军人才、青年科技人才和高水平创新团队。深入推行科技特派员制度。实施高素质农民培育计划、乡村产业振兴带头人培育“头雁”项目、乡村振兴青春建功行动、乡村振兴巾帼行动。落实艰苦边远地区基层事业单位公开招聘倾斜政策,对县以下基层专业技术人员开展职称评聘“定向评价、定向使用”工作,对中高级专业技术岗位实行总量控制、比例单列。完善耕读教育体系。优化学科专业结构,支持办好涉农高等学校和职业教育。培养乡村规划、设计、建设、管理专业人才和乡土人才。鼓励地方出台城市人才下乡服务乡村振兴的激励政策。
32. Properly grasp implementation of key rural reform tasks. Carry out county-wide pilot projects to re-extend land contracts for another 30 years after the second-round contracts expire. Consolidate and enhance the results of the reform of the rural collective property rights system, explore the establishment of a rural collective asset supervision and management service system, and explore development paths for the new type of rural collective economy. Steadily and cautiously promote pilot rural homestead system reform, normalize the carrying out of integrated (housing and land) homestead rights registration. Promote, in a steady and orderly fashion, the entry into the market of rural collective construction land. Promote carrying out mortgage financing with the use rights to collective construction land. In accordance with laws and regulations, and in an orderly fashion, carry out the pilot project on comprehensive land consolidation in the whole region. Deepen reform of the collective forest rights system. Improve the land use rights management system for state-owned agricultural land from agricultural reclamation. Carry out a pilot project for the normalized construction of markets for rural property rights transfer transactions. Formulate an implementation plan for the new phase of deepening rural reform.
(三十二)抓好农村改革重点任务落实。开展第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年整县试点。巩固提升农村集体产权制度改革成果,探索建立农村集体资产监督管理服务体系,探索新型农村集体经济发展路径。稳慎推进农村宅基地制度改革试点,规范开展房地一体宅基地确权登记。稳妥有序推进农村集体经营性建设用地入市。推动开展集体经营性建设用地使用权抵押融资。依法依规有序开展全域土地综合整治试点。深化集体林权制度改革。健全农垦国有农用地使用权管理制度。开展农村产权流转交易市场规范化建设试点。制定新阶段深化农村改革实施方案。
VIII. Adhere to and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership of agriculture, farmers, and rural areas work
八、坚持和加强党对“三农”工作的全面领导
33. Compress responsibility for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. Formulate measures to implement the responsibility system for rural revitalization, clarify the responsibilities of the central and state institutions for promoting rural revitalization, and strengthen the responsibilities of the secretaries at five levels for grasping rural revitalization. Conduct performance assessment of provincial Party and government leadership teams and leading cadres in promoting the rural revitalization strategy. Improve the system for assessing the performance for municipal and county Party and government leadership teams and leading cadres in promoting the rural revitalization strategy, encourage localities to give appropriate incentives to cities and counties with high appraisal rankings, and conduct interviews for those with low appraisal rankings and ineffective performance. Implement the rural revitalization contact point system for comrades in charge of Party committees and governments at all levels. Drawing on the experience of the “Ten Million Project” in Zhejiang, encourage local Party committees and governments to carry out practical and useful activities such as on-site observation and exchange learning. Conduct a summary assessment of the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization (2018-2022). Strengthen the training of Party and government leadership cadres at all levels after centralized changes of leadership [in provinces, cities, counties, and townships at the same time], especially those in charge of agriculture, farmers, and rural areas work.
(三十三)压实全面推进乡村振兴责任。制定乡村振兴责任制实施办法,明确中央和国家机关各部门推进乡村振兴责任,强化五级书记抓乡村振兴责任。开展省级党政领导班子和领导干部推进乡村振兴战略实绩考核。完善市县党政领导班子和领导干部推进乡村振兴战略实绩考核制度,鼓励地方对考核排名靠前的市县给予适当激励,对考核排名靠后、履职不力的进行约谈。落实各级党委和政府负责同志乡村振兴联系点制度。借鉴推广浙江“千万工程”经验,鼓励地方党委和政府开展现场观摩、交流学习等务实管用活动。开展《乡村振兴战略规划(2018-2022年)》实施总结评估。加强集中换届后各级党政领导干部特别是分管“三农”工作的领导干部培训。
34. Build and strengthen the Party’s rural work institutions. Rural work leading groups of Party committees at all levels must fully play their roles—taking the lead in grasping the overall picture, coordinating, etc.—in agriculture, farmers, and rural areas work, and must shoulder as one their responsibilities for consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation, and for deliberating and coordinating the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization. Promote the standardization and institutionalization of deliberations by the rural work leading groups of Party committees at all levels, establish and improve division of labor and implementation mechanisms for key tasks, and coordinate promotion of rural revitalization. Strengthen the construction of the rural work leading group offices of the Party committees at all levels, replenish their work force, improve their operation mechanisms, and strengthen their responsibilities as to the decision-making advice, coordination, policy guidance, promotion of implementation, supervision and inspection, etc.
(三十四)建强党的农村工作机构。各级党委农村工作领导小组要发挥“三农”工作牵头抓总、统筹协调等作用,一体承担巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、全面推进乡村振兴议事协调职责。推进各级党委农村工作领导小组议事协调规范化制度化建设,建立健全重点任务分工落实机制,协同推进乡村振兴。加强各级党委农村工作领导小组办公室建设,充实工作力量,完善运行机制,强化决策参谋、统筹协调、政策指导、推动落实、督导检查等职责。
35. Promote the comprehensive development of rural revitalization by extending experience from pilot points to whole areas. Carry out the creation of “100 counties, 1,000 towns and 10,000 villages” rural revitalization demonstration sites, adopt the method of first creating and then identifying, and create a number of rural revitalization demonstration sites at different levels—demonstration counties, demonstration townships and towns, and demonstration villages. Promote the creation of agricultural modernization demonstration areas. Widely mobilize social forces to participate in rural revitalization, and promote the “ten thousand enterprises to revitalize ten thousand villages” action. In accordance with provisions, establish a commendation and incentive system for rural revitalization.
(三十五)抓点带面推进乡村振兴全面展开。开展“百县千乡万村”乡村振兴示范创建,采取先创建后认定方式,分级创建一批乡村振兴示范县、示范乡镇、示范村。推进农业现代化示范区创建。广泛动员社会力量参与乡村振兴,深入推进“万企兴万村”行动。按规定建立乡村振兴表彰激励制度。
Let us unite closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, make real efforts, work hard, strive to create a new situation in the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization, and welcome the successful convening of 20th Party Congress with practical actions!
让我们紧密团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围,真抓实干,埋头苦干,奋力开创全面推进乡村振兴新局面,以实际行动迎接党的二十大胜利召开!