深化全球发展合作 推动完善全球治理
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Deepening Global Development Cooperation and Improving Global Governance

深化全球发展合作 推动完善全球治理

A researcher from the School of Marxism at Southwest Jiaotong University argues that China demonstrates a willingness to invest in global development cooperation, whereas the West demonstrates what he terms an attitude of “unilateralism, protectionism and egoism.”


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Development is the ardent expectation of people all over the world and the common value of all mankind. The world today is facing the superimposed challenges of major changes unseen in a century and the once-in-a-century pandemic, and global governance is facing many new propositions and challenges. On June 24, 2022, in the face of the era of “what’s wrong with the world and what should we do,” Chairman Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the high-level dialog on global development, proposing to “jointly build a global development partnership.” This is not only a response to history and reality but also an outlook for the future prospects of global governance.

发展是世界各国人民的殷切期盼,也是全人类的共同价值。当今世界正面临百年未有之大变局与世纪疫情的叠加挑战,全球治理迎来诸多新命题新挑战。2022年6月24日,面对“世界怎么了、我们怎么办”的时代之问,习近平主席在全球发展高层对话会上发表重要讲话,提出“共同构建全球发展伙伴关系”。这既是对历史与现实的回应,更是对全球治理未来前景的展望。

Participation in global development cooperation is the secret to China’s governance miracle

参与全球发展合作是中国治理奇迹的秘诀

Over the past 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, we have achieved a historic change from a state of poverty to the second largest economy in the world. The people have achieved leap-forward development from poverty to nourishment and from a generally well-off to an all-round well-off society, creating one governance miracle after another. Behind this, China’s active participation in the practice and innovation of global development cooperation is inseparable.

新中国成立70多年来,我们实现了从一穷二白跃升为世界第二大经济体的历史性变迁,人民实现了从贫穷到温饱、从总体小康到全面小康的跨越式发展,创造了一个又一个治理奇迹。这背后,离不开中国积极参与全球发展合作的实践与创新。

As early as the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese government expressed its willingness to cooperate with other socialist countries. After the Bandung Conference in 1955, the scope of China’s foreign aid expanded from socialist countries to other developing countries. After the reform and opening up, based on the development and changes of the world situation, cooperation with Western countries was included. Since the beginning of the new century, with China’s accession to the WTO, China has begun to deeply participate in global development cooperation: From signing the United Nations Convention against Corruption to fully participating in international economic cooperation under the G20 framework, from proposing the Belt and Road Initiative to signing the Paris Agreement, and from proposing to build a community with a shared future for mankind to proposing the Global Development Initiatives, China has continued to accelerate its participation in global development cooperation and put the realization of sustainable development goals into practice. China is the first developing country to achieve the poverty reduction target of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals and has contributed more than 70% to global poverty reduction. China has transformed its role from an initial participant and contributor to global development cooperation to today’s leader and has been hailed by the United Nations as a “leader in the implementation of sustainable development goals.”

早在新中国成立伊始,中国政府就提出同其他社会主义国家进行合作的意愿。1955年万隆会议后,中国对外援助范围从社会主义国家扩展到其他发展中国家。改革开放后,基于世界形势的发展变化,与西方国家的合作被纳入其中。新世纪以来,伴随中国加入世贸组织,中国开始深度参与全球发展合作:从签署《联合国反腐败公约》到全面参与G20框架下的国际经济合作,从提出“一带一路”倡议到签署《巴黎协定》,从提出构建人类命运共同体到提出全球发展倡议……中国不断加快参与全球发展合作的步伐,把实现可持续发展目标付诸实践。中国是第一个完成联合国千年发展目标中减贫目标的发展中国家,对全球减贫贡献率超过70%。中国实现了从全球发展合作的最初参与者、贡献者到如今引领者的角色变迁,被联合国誉为“落实可持续发展目标的领军者”。

Decoding the miracle of China’s development, it is not difficult to find the secrets: First, we have always upheld the development concept of openness, cooperation, and mutual success, have always taken development as the top priority, have opened the door to seek development, and strive to build a new highland for opening up as global development cooperation helps to further improve our own governance level and capability. Second, while participating in global development cooperation, China has also demonstrated to the outside world our major achievements and valuable experience in advancing the modernization of national governance, providing Chinese solutions and propositions for global governance and jointly promoting global sustainable development.

解码中国发展奇迹,不难发现其中的秘诀:一是我们始终坚持开放、合作、共赢的发展理念,始终把发展作为第一要务,敞开大门谋发展,全力构筑对外开放新高地,通过积极参与全球发展合作,助力自身治理水平和能力进一步提升。二是中国在参与全球发展合作的同时,也向外界全方位展示了我们推进国家治理现代化的重大成就和宝贵经验,为全球治理提供了中国方案和主张,共同促进全球可持续发展。

Exclusion of global development cooperation is the cause of Western governance dilemma

排斥全球发展合作是西方治理困境的诱因

At present, governance crises such as social polarization, intensification of multicultural conflicts, populism, and national separatism in Western governance have increasingly become major obstacles to global peace and development. One of the important reasons why Western countries are caught in a governance dilemma is the Western rejection of global development cooperation in concept and practice.

当前,西方治理出现的社会极化、多元文化矛盾激化、民粹主义和民族分离主义兴起等治理危机愈发成为全球和平与发展的重大障碍。西方国家之所以陷入治理困境,一个重要因素是西方对全球发展合作在理念和实践上的排斥。

On the one hand, unlike China, which actively advocates and participates in global development cooperation, in recent years, Western unilateralism, protectionism, and egoism have been rampant, and anti-globalization voices have been rampant. On the other hand, contrary to China’s emphasis on “South-South cooperation” in international development cooperation, the international development cooperation exaggerated by the West adheres to a “Western-centric” stance, such that international cooperation is often accompanied by political and economic conditions, and the two sides of the cooperation lack equality and mutual benefit. Among them, it is particularly obvious that the West has built a relationship of hierarchy and subordination in cooperation with African countries. The real purpose of the West’s cooperation in this region is not to help them eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic and social development but to take control of Africa through cooperation and keep it attached to the asymmetric structure of dependence on the West.

一方面,与中国积极倡导并参与全球发展合作不同,近年来西方单边主义、保护主义、利己主义横行,反全球化和逆全球化的声音甚嚣尘上。另一方面,与中国强调国际发展合作中的“南南合作”相反,西方渲染的国际发展合作坚持“西方中心主义”立场,导致国际合作往往附带政治和经济条件,合作的双方缺乏平等和互利性。其中尤为明显的是,西方在与非洲国家合作中,构建起的是等级和从属性关系,西方在该区域进行合作的真实目的并非为帮助其消除贫困和实现经济社会可持续发展,而是欲通过合作来掌控非洲,让其继续依附于对西方的不对称性依赖结构。

History and reality have proved that the Western neoliberal governance propositions and practices under the Washington Consensus ignore the development demands of other countries and are increasingly questioned and reflected in developing countries and regions. In contrast, the concept of global development cooperation proposed by China and the Belt and Road and other initiatives focus on the expectations and pursuits of people of all countries for peaceful development, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation, which are highly in line with the needs of all parties and the trend of the times, and they have been widely praised and widely recognized by the international community.

历史与现实证明,“华盛顿共识”下的西方新自由主义治理主张与实践漠视其他国家的发展诉求,在发展中国家和地区越来越受到质疑和反思。与此相比较,中国提出的全球发展合作的理念与“一带一路”等倡议聚焦各国人民对和平发展、公平正义、合作共赢的期盼与追求,高度契合各方需要,符合时代潮流,受到国际社会的普遍赞誉和广泛认同。

Deepening cooperation and building a global development partnership

深化合作,共建全球发展伙伴关系

The world today is in a period of great development, great change, and great adjustment. At the same time, peace and development are still the themes of the current era, which is in line with the trend of world historical development. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately grasp the “times” and “trends” in the great changes unseen in a century, carry forward the common values of all mankind, deepen global development cooperation, jointly build a global development partnership of solidarity, equality, balance, and universal benefits, shaping the future path of global governance.

当今世界正处在大发展大变革大调整时期,与此同时,和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题,符合世界历史发展的潮流。因此,要准确把握百年未有之大变局中的“时”与“势”,弘扬全人类共同价值,深化全球发展合作,共建团结、平等、均衡、普惠的全球发展伙伴关系,构筑全球治理的未来道路。

Building a united global partnership for development: Solidarity and cooperation are the most powerful weapons to overcome all difficulties. We must resolutely defend multilateralism, consolidate the internal solidarity of developing countries, deepen “South-South cooperation” and “North-South cooperation,” form a synergy of global governance, and join hands with other countries to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

共建团结的全球发展伙伴关系。团结合作是战胜一切困难的最有力武器。我们要坚决捍卫多边主义,巩固发展中国家的内部团结,深化 “南南合作”与“南北合作”,形成全球治理的合力,与各国携手推动构建人类命运共同体。

Building an equitable global partnership for development: All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community. To this end, countries should adhere to the principle of equality and non-discrimination, and respect each other’s development paths. Developing countries and least developed countries should participate more deeply in the global decision-making process. The North and the South should bridge differences through equal dialog and resolve disputes through negotiation and consultation. It is necessary to practice the concept of international relations of mutual respect and win-win cooperation in global governance and to promote equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal rules for all countries in international cooperation.

共建平等的全球发展伙伴关系。各国无论大小、强弱、贫富,都是国际社会的平等一员。为此,各国应坚持平等非歧视原则,相互尊重彼此的发展道路。发展中国家和最不发达国家应更深入地参与全球决策进程,南北双方应以平等对话弥合分歧,以谈判磋商化解争端。要在全球治理中践行相互尊重、合作共赢的国际关系理念,推动各国在国际合作中的权利平等、机会平等、规则平等。

Building a balanced global partnership for development: Unbalanced and insufficient development is a common problem faced by all countries around the world, and it is also a prominent problem among countries. To solve this problem, on the one hand, all countries need to participate in global development cooperation, improve the voice and representation of developing countries, encourage more parties to participate in development cooperation, expand the interests of participants, and draw out the largest concentric circle. On the other hand, we must promote the common development of the international community by promoting and improving global governance so that the global governance system reflects the wishes and interests of the vast number of developing countries, narrows the development gap between the North and the South, and eliminates the development deficit.

共建均衡的全球发展伙伴关系。发展不平衡不充分是世界各国面临的共同问题,也是国家之间的突出问题。破解这一难题,一方面,需要各国都参与到全球发展合作中来,提高发展中国家的发言权和代表性,鼓励更多主体参与到发展合作中来,扩大参与者的利益汇合点,画出最大同心圆;另一方面,需要通过推动完善全球治理来促进国际社会共同发展,让全球治理体系反映广大发展中国家的意愿和利益,缩小南北发展差距、消除发展赤字。

Building an inclusive global development partnership: Mankind is a whole, the earth is a homeland, and no one or no country can survive alone. Therefore, in our global development cooperation, we must uphold the concept of global governance based on extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits. We must create an inclusive and win-win model, and encourage business circles, social groups, and media think tanks to participate in global development cooperation. We must let people all over the world share the fruits of economic globalization and make development achievements more beneficial to all parties.

共建普惠的全球发展伙伴关系。人类是一个整体,地球是一个家园,任何人、任何国家都无法独善其身。因此,我们在全球发展合作中要秉持共商共建共享的全球治理理念,打造普惠共赢模式,鼓励工商界、社会团体、媒体智库参与全球发展合作,让世界各国人民共享经济全球化发展成果,让发展成果更多惠及各方。

“By agreeing with one heart, everything is possible.” From the proposal of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Belt and Road Initiative, the common values of all mankind, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the joint construction of a global development partnership, we can see the common concept contained in it: Seeking cooperation and promoting development is an irresistible trend of the times and is the direction for responding to the call of the times and for strengthening global governance. Only by upholding and promoting the common values of all mankind, jointly building a global development partnership, and deepening global development cooperation, can we promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and equitable direction.

“心合意同,谋无不成。”从人类命运共同体、“一带一路”倡议、全人类共同价值、全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议到共同构建全球发展伙伴关系的提出,可以看出其中蕴含的共同理念:谋合作、促发展是不可抗拒的时代潮流,是回应时代呼唤和加强全球治理的方向所在。我们唯有坚守和弘扬全人类共同价值,共同构建全球发展伙伴关系,深化全球发展合作,才能推动全球治理体系朝着更加公正合理方向发展。

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熊昊 (Xiong Hao). "Deepening Global Development Cooperation and Improving Global Governance [深化全球发展合作 推动完善全球治理]". CSIS Interpret: China, original work published in Party Construction [党建网], July 14, 2022

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